September 2009 Intravenous Fluid Generation (IV Gen) EXPERIMENT OVERVIEW

I. Hardware Overview II. Payload Systems Overview III.Operations Overview IV.Safety V. Summary VI.Backup Charts September COURSE OUTLINE

OVERVIEW September IV Gen will demonstrate a prototype system to produce water for injection in a reduced gravity environment. After purification, the water is mixed with NaCl to produce a normal saline solution. This solution will be returned to Earth for testing. Fluid physics data will allow for scalability of filters and IV fluid production rate to meet exploration requirements. Medical technology development efforts such as IV Gen can lead to advances in treatment and care capabilities for use in remote places. Some of the key design drivers for NASA technology are mass, volume, and power minimization which are also important for technologies to be utilized for treatment and care in remote areas in need of humanitarian aid.

OVERVIEW (continued) September IV Gen is launching on 19A Operates inside of the Microgravity Science Glovebox 5 major hardware pieces (Accumulator, Purifier, Mixer, Data Acquisition and Control Unit, and Power Converter) Operations performed close to the docking of the next flight Input water is from ISS potable water source Air bubbles are removed from water using membrane separation filters Science data as well as Health and Status data will be collected onboard and downlinked periodically

September Install and position MSG cameras for IV Gen Operations Install bags onto Mixer and Transfer Trays Initiate mixing Perform bag to bag fluid transfer TRAINING OBJECTIVES

Accumulator ¼” thick Lexan housing for observation Approximately 1.5 liter capacity Uses GN2 to push potable water to the Purifier Custom polyurethane bladder Secured by Velcro to base plate No electrical power dependency Double shut-off quick disconnect valves Water inlet from WPA or CWC-I Water outlet to Purifier GN2 inlet from MSG Accumulator Housing with internal polyurethane bladder September 20096

The Purifier contains a Deionizing resin and membrane filters to purify the water, flow meter to measure the flow, pressure transducers to monitor the pressure at different points during the purification process, and conductivity sensors to compare water conductance before and after deionization. Access Door (off nominal use) Potable Water Shutoff Valve Captive fasteners Clear Lexan cover for viewing membrane filters Deionizing Resin Valves Power Data Purifier Assembly 7

Houses all fluid diagnostic equipment Clear Lexan cover for video camera imaging Access door to activate filter by-pass in case of premature blockage (off- nominal) Double shut-off QDs Conductivity Sensors 1.2 µm Air Elimination Filters Purifier water outlet Saline water inlet IV fluid outlet Purifier Assembly (continued) 8September 2009

Converts Power from MSG Supplies +28Vdc to the Data Acquisition and Control Unit and +24Vdc Purifier LED Electrical Connectors Power Converter 9September 2009

The Data Acquisition and Control Unit provides data handling, data storage, and software control functions for the different IV Gen sub-systems. LEDs Data Acquisition and Control Unit 10September 2009

Holds two 2-Liter bags via Velcro Teflon-coated stir bar and sodium crystals pre-positioned in Saline bag Saline bag placed on plate with magnetized motor Manual capability for crew control of motor Rotor is visible to allow for stir bar positioning. Once mixing has been initiated by the crew, it will be software controlled Mixing speed and duration are uplink parameters Homogenizes solution within 20 minutes Mixer Motor Speed Controller Water Collecting and Mixing Manual On/Off Electrical Connector September

Interfaces Structural –IV Gen hardware will be mounted inside of the MSG WV. Power –IV Gen interfaces with the MSG Secondary Power +28Vdc via MSG J303. Data –The Data Acquisition and Control Unit CPU communicates with the MSG SPLC (Standard Payload Laptop Computer) using the RS-422 interface (J404). IV Gen uses the Ethernet interface (J311) to receive uplink commands and send health and status data. Thermal –Cooling of IV Gen hardware is accomplished with payload cooling fans and MSG WV Air Circulation System. Fluid –IV Gen receives its water supply from an ISS potable water source (WPA or CWC-I). IV Gen connects to the MSG WV nitrogen GN2 QD and uses the nitrogen to collapse the inner bag of the Accumulator which pushes water into the Purifier. September

September OPERATIONS OVERVIEW Operations timeline –Hardware to launch on 19A –Hardware to be installed into the MSG any time before operations –Operate (complete a minimum 2 saline runs) close to the arrive of ULF4 –2 Sample bags of Saline Solution to return on ULF4 –Saline Ops and Purified Water Ops will occur on consecutive days to prevent bacteria growth in the filters –Purified water to be reclaimed on-orbit Run 3-6 Run 1 & 2 Saline Operations N004 Purified Water Ops N005 Hardware Setup N001 GN2 Leak Test N002 Accumulator Fill N003 After Run 6 Hardware Stow N007 Videotape Exchange N006

Hardware Install –Reference Photo provided –Install SAMS TSH –Install all IV Gen Hardware into MSG (does not require tools) –Install MSG Cameras (verify with ground on image quality) Leak Test of GN2 QD Interface –Performed before operation of IV Gen Hardware Accumulator Fill (performed 6 times) –Fill with water from WPA or CWC-I Monitoring –Periodically monitor for leaks, stir bar position during mixing –Camera Position (see slide 17) Mixing (performed 2 times) –Inspection of bags pre-installation –Dislodge salt from tube ports as necessary –Position stir bar over mix motor –Turn power onto Mixer to initiate mixing (ground commands mixer off) Nominal Operations 14

Bag to Bag Fluid Transfer Performed to check conductivity and ensure homogenous solution (performed 2 times) –Performed after solution is mixed –Crew squeezes solution from Saline Bag into a Collection Bag using a Pressure Cuff (works similar to a blood pressure cuff) –The fluid will flow past the conductivity sensor (located in the Purifier) then through sterility filters into the Collection Bag –Crew will inspect the bag post-installation (upon removal from MSG) –Once fluid transfer complete, bag containing IV solution is placed in a Ziploc type bag and stored for return Video Tape Exchange IV Gen Cleanup Kit usage –For small spills use Kim wipes –For larger spills such as a bag puncture, use adsorbent pads Maintenance – not required do to short duration of experiment Nominal Operations 15September 2009

Camera Images Camera 1 – Filters (potable water inlet) Camera 2 – Conductivity sensors Camera 3 – Mixer Stir bar September 2009 Views after cameras are positioned. Ground will verify the views are good and inform the crew. 16

Shatterable Materials - Glass –Inspect Purifier for intact glass conductivity sensor before installing (for mission success as glass is contained) (crew procedure) Asphyxiation – Use of Nitrogen –Wait 2 minutes before accessing MSG WV after glove port/loading port removal (crew procedure) Ensure the experiment power outlet is off before mating/demating connectors (crew procedure) IV Gen software is not safety critical –Software controls nominal experiment runs –Software failure does not create any hazard SAFETY September

September Differences Trainer vs. Flight hardware The training hardware is the IV Gen Engineering unit and it is very similar to the Flight Unit. There are only minor material differences. The training hardware main power cable that connects to the MSG is lacking the connector which would connect to the MSG. The trainer has flight like labels with similar text and placement as the flight hardware.

September SUMMARY IV Gen will use ISS potable water to produce Sterile Water for Injection and provide a pharmaceutical mixing capability to create normal saline. Two bags of saline will be produced and later returned on ULF4. Up to four additional bags of purified water will be created to exhaust the Deionizing Resin filter to collect data for future exploration mission. These bags will be reclaimed on-orbit.

COTS - Commercial Off The Shelf CWC –I - Compatible Water Container – Iodine EVA - Ethyl Vinyl Acetate LED-Light Emitting Diode ISS - International Space Station IV Gen -Intravenous Fluid Generation MLC - MSG Laptop Computer MSG-Microgravity Science Glovebox SAMS - Space Acceleration Measurement System TSH - Triaxial Sensor Head USP - United States Pharmacopoeia WPA-Water Processing Assembly WV-Work Volume ACRONYMS September

September BACKUP CHARTS

The Vision for Space Exploration outlined a new direction for NASA, consisting of returning astronauts to the Moon and then exploring Mars. These longer duration missions increase the likelihood of a medical incident and thus the need for medical fluids. The Patient Condition Database lists about 442 medical conditions that may require treatment during a mission. At least 25% of 442 medical conditions require medical fluids during the course of treatment. Mass limitations and lack of refrigeration may limit the type and volume of fluids that can be carried aboard the spacecraft. Due to the volume and mass requirement of the required amount of need fluid, NASA has determined that generating IV fluids onboard requires less mass and volume. IV Gen will conduct a flight test of such a system in preparation to deploy a system on exploration missions. SCIENCE BACKGROUND September

September 2009 COTS products from Pall Corporation Air-eliminating filters for IV therapy Wetted membrane required for air elimination Utilizing three types: –Posidyne®: 0.2 micron nylon membrane for particle, bacteria, and endotoxin retention 2 mL housing volume Used inside of the Purifier –Supor®: 1.2 micron polyethersulfone membrane Low protein binding 0.7 mL housing volume Used inside of the Purifier –Pediatric IV Filter 0.2 micron filter Meets USP 25/NF20 requirements for a sterilizing grade filter per ASTM F Enhanced sterility assurance Used on final collection bag Posidyne® Supor® Air Elimination Filters Pediatric IV Filter September