Parallel Structure

平行结构是指两个或两个以上的句法和功 能相似的部分，通过使用并列连词或词组， 将它们完美地连接起来，共同作为整个句 子的一部分。 长句子如果在语法结构上平行就会显得比 较清晰和易于理解。平行结构可使句子得 到扩展，并使表达更为完整和清楚， 这种 句子结构可使读者感到句子丰富的语意， 贯通的语气，顿挫的音律及其强调的作用。 请看下面的例子：

A. She is not only pretty but intelligent. B. She is not only pretty but an intelligent girl. A. I love May not because of her beauty but I love her intelligence. B. I love May not because of her beauty but because of her intelligence. 上面两组句子中哪个句子正确使用了平行结构？ 在下面的练习中，首先判断句子中划线部分在表达 上是否准正确且有效。如果认为原句的表达方式最 好，则选择答案 A （重复原表达方式）；如果原表达 方式欠佳，则在 B, C, D 和 E 中选择一项更好的。

1. Among the accomplishments of President James Knox Polk are the creation of an independent treasury( 财政部 ), establishing lower tariff( 关税 ), and purchasing the Oregon territory. A. the creation of an independent treasury, establishing lower tariffs, and purchasing. B. the creating of an independent treasury, establishing lower tariffs, and the purchase of C. the creation of an independent treasury, the establishment of lower tariffs, and the purchase of D. creating of an independent treasury, establishing lower tariffs, and the purchase of E. creation of an independent treasury, establishing lower tariffs, and purchasing

1. Among the accomplishments of President James Knox Polk are the creation of an independent treasury( 财 政部 ), establishing lower tariff( 关税 ), and purchasing the Oregon territory. C. the creation of an independent treasury, the establishment of lower tariffs, and the purchase of

2. Buying good shoes, training daily, and above all, the competition in numerous races are the keys to becoming a world- class runner. A. the competition in numerous races are B. the competing of numerous races are C. to compete in numerous races is D. competing in numerous races is E. competing in numerous races are

2. Buying good shoes, training daily, and above all, the competition in numerous races are the keys to becoming a world-class runner. E. competing in numerous races are

3. Although Vincent Van Gogh influenced countless artists after his death, during his lifetime, he failed to achieve fame for the art he created nor profiting from sales of his work. A. created nor profiting B. created nor did he profit C. created nor to have profited D. created or profited E. created or to profit

3. Although Vincent Van Gogh influenced countless artists after his death, during his lifetime, he failed to achieve fame for the art he created nor profiting from sales of his work. E. created or to profit

4. Some fans believe that in the next Olympics Michel Phelps will not only win seven gold swimming medals, but also many world records will be claimed. A. Michel Phelps will not only win seven gold swimming medals, but also many world records will be claimed B. Michel Phelps will win not only seven gold swimming medals, but will claim many world records as well C. Michel Phelps will not only win seven gold swimming medals but also claim many world records D. Michel Phelps will not only win seven gold swimming medals, but claim many world records in addition E. Michel Phelps will not only win seven gold swimming medals, but he will claim many world records also

4. Some fans believe that in the next Olympics Michel Phelps will not only win seven gold swimming medals, but also many world records will be claimed. C. Michel Phelps will not only win seven gold swimming medals but also claim many world records

5. People who have low motivation or are not at least moderately intelligent are not likely to make it as international journalists. A. have low motivation or are not at least moderately intelligent B. Has either low motivation or not intelligent in at least moderate amounts C. are not highly motivated or who don’t have at least moderate intelligence instead D. are not highly motivated or at least moderately intelligent E. has low motivation or else at least moderate amounts of intelligence

5. People who have low motivation or are not at least moderately intelligent are not likely to make it as international journalists. D. are not highly motivated or at least moderately intelligent

6. The use of laser surgery has made it possible for doctors to be not only less obtrusive( 冒失的 ) but also more accurate. A. but also more accurate B. but also being accurate C. but also accurately D. and being accurate as well E. and accurately as well

6. The use of laser surgery has made it possible for doctors to be not only less obtrusive( 冒失的 ) but also more accurate. A. but also more accurate

7. The integrity of journalism rests on honest reporting, respect for news sources, and it requires balanced stories. A. rests on honest reporting, respect for news sources, and it requires balanced stories. B. rests on honest reporting, respect for news sources, and balanced stories. C. rest on reporting that is honest, treatment of news source that is respectful, and stories that are balanced D. rests on reporting that is honest, being respectful of news sources, and requires balanced stories E. rest on honest reporting, respect for news sources, and requirements of balanced stories.

7. The integrity of journalism rests on honest reporting, respect for news sources, and it requires balanced stories. B. rests on honest reporting, respect for news sources, and balanced stories.

8. Some parents believe not only that excessive television viewing wastes their children’s time, but also that it lowers their attention spans. A. believe not only that excessive television viewing wastes B. believe that excessive television viewing wastes would be wasteful of C. are believing that excessive television viewing not only wastes D. Have believed that excessive television viewing wastes not only E. Believe that excessive television viewing not only by itself can waste

8. Some parents believe not only that excessive television viewing wastes their children’s time, but also that it lowers their attention spans. A. believe not only that excessive television viewing wastes

9. The influence of Roman architecture is perhaps even more evident in the United States than for either Europe or Asia. A. for either Europe or Asia B. by either Europe or Asia C. with either Europe or Asia D. in either Europe or Asia E. in either Europe or in Asia

9. The influence of Roman architecture is perhaps even more evident in the United States than for either Europe or Asia. D. in either Europe or Asia

10. The creation of low acid orange juice made it possible for people to enjoy juice that is healthy as well as digests easily. A. as well as digests easily B. and being digested as well C. and also easily digests D. and digests easily as well E. as well as easily digestible

10. The creation of low acid orange juice made it possible for people to enjoy juice that is healthy as well as digests easily. E. as well as easily digestible