CHAPTER 23 Delivery and transport systems

2 R. Delaney Transport / Delivery Systems A good transport and delivery system is essential to ensure: 1.Safe and timely delivery of raw materials to manufacturers. 2.Safe and timely delivery of finished goods to wholesalers, retailers and consumers. 3.Safe and efficient transportation of goods into and out of the country. 4.Easy access for all people to and from their place of work.

3 R. Delaney Factors to consider when choosing a delivery system Cost Reliability Convenience Speed Type of good being delivered Destination

4 R. Delaney Road Transport 4. Not suitable for bulky products 4. Not subject to timetables 3. Slow over long distances3. Goods loaded and unloaded once only, thus reducing insurance costs 2. Bad weather may cause delays 2. Relatively cheap 1. Subject to traffic congestion 1. Fast over short distances DisadvantagesAdvantages

5 R. Delaney Rail Transport 4. Expensive over short distances 4. Reliable and safe 3. Must be used in conjunction with another means of transport 3. Not subject to traffic congestion 2. Fixed routes only2. Suitable for cheap and bulky goods 1. Usually subject to timetable 1. Fast over long distances DisadvantagesAdvantages

6 R. Delaney Sea Transport 4. Usually subject to timetable 4. There are many specialised ships suitable for different goods 3. Subject to weather conditions 3. Suitable for containers 2. Must be used in conjunction with another means of transport 2. Cheap over long distances 1. Slow over long distances1. Suitable for bulky goods DisadvantagesAdvantages

7 R. Delaney Air Transport 3 Unsuitable for bulky goods 2. Subject to weather conditions 3. Safe 4. Must be used in conjunction with another means of transport 2. Suitable for small expensive goods 1. Expensive, especially over short distances 1. Fast over long distances DisadvantagesAdvantages 5. Additional handling of goods can increase insurance costs

8 R. Delaney Pipelines A pipeline is a system of inter-connected pipes that transports gases or liquids, usually over long distances. 2. Suitable for gases and liquids only 2. Very good safety record 1. Expensive to set up 1. Cheap to operate DisadvantagesAdvantages

9 R. Delaney Calculate the number of kilometres travelled in a journey from Dundalk to Tralee, from there to Galway and then back to Dundalk Dundalk to Tralee Tralee to Galway Galway to Dundalk Total = 746 kilometres = 346 kilometres = 162 kilometres = 238 kilometres Reading a Distance Table

10 R. Delaney Terms Used in Association with Transport Tachographs are devices installed on commercial vehicles that record the vehicle’s speed and the length of time that it is moving or stationary. Roll-on/roll-off (RO/RO) ferries are ships designed to allow cars and fully loaded trucks to drive directly onto and off them. Load on/load off (LO /LO ) ferries are ships designed to allow goods to be lifted on to and off them, e.g. by cranes. A common carrier is an individual or company that transports goods or people for a fee.

11 R. Delaney A courier is a person or company that delivers documents and small, valuable packages by hand. Freight refers to goods being transported. Carriage is the cost of transporting goods. A pallet is a specially designed platform, usually wooden, on to which a large quantity of goods can be loaded to make it easy to move them. A forklift is an easily manoeuvrable transport device with two protruding rigid steel bars that can be raised and lowered. It is used to move pallets. Containers are large metal boxes used to store goods that are to be transported. The containers are sealed after the goods have been placed in them. They are then loaded on to trucks or ships for transportation. Terms Used in Association with Transport