Malcolm Knowles Theory of Andragogy Stefanie Parau

History Malcolm Shepard (1913-1997) Adult Educator The father of Andragogy 1934-Received his BA at Harvard 1949- MA University of Chicago 1951-1959-PhD from University of Chicago 1951-1959-Executive Director of the Adult Education Association 1960-1974-Associate professor of adult education with tenure at Boston University

Origin of Andragogy Malcolm Knowles’ theory of andragogy is based on Roger’s theory of learning Roger’s says there are two types learning cognitive (meaningless) and experiential (significant) Experiential learning addresses the needs and wants of the learner and is equivalent to personal change and growth Rogers says that all human beings have a natural tendency to learn and the role of the teacher is to facilitate this learning

5 Assumptions of Andragogy Self-concept Experience Readiness to learn Orientation to learning Motivation to learn

Activity https://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newLDR_57.htm

4 principles of Andragogy Involved adult learners Problem centered Relevance and impact Adult learners’ experience

Andragogy and Pedagogy are not the same

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Limitations Based on western, white middle-class male; focus on individualism Does not look at societal relationship Does not look at culture Does not account for structural systems; race, class, oppression Not enough empirical research to be considered a theory

Andragogy in student affairs Advising - 5 step O’Banion model 1-explore life goals 2-explore vocational goals 3-help the student find a fitting program of study 4-course selection 5-building course schedule