Living Things Plants and Animals Grade 3 Mrs. Mullins

spores A spore is the reproductive "seed" of fungi and some bacteria which is capable of spreading through various means (wind, water, animals) and when arriving at a suitable host, with optimum conditions, can germinate and/or cause disease in the host.

deciduous (of plants and shrubs) shedding foliage at the end of the growing season Leaves fall off these types of trees

evergreen a plant having foliage that persists and remains green throughout the year Leaves do not fall off the tree/ or change color

flowering blossoming: the time and process of budding and unfolding of blossoms Plants that have flowers

Non-flowering without flower or bloom and not producing seeds Plants without flowers in their growth cycle

annual Annual plants are by definition plants whose life cycle lasts only one year, from seed to blooms to seed

chlorophyll Chlorophyll is a green pigment found in all plants, algae, and cyanobacteria. Chlorophyll is the molecule that absorbs sunlight and uses its energy to synthesize carbohydrates from CO2 and water Plants use chlorophyll to trap light needed for photosynthesis

photosynthesis the process a plant uses to combine sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to produce oxygen and sugar (energy).

nutrient any substance that is assimilated (taken in) by an organisms that is needed for the organism to live, grow, breathe, move

oxygen Released During Photosynthesis

Carbon dioxide Carbon dioxide is used by plants during photosynthesis to make sugars

heat a form of energy that is transferred by a difference in temperature Plants need heat to survive- they can’t get too cold!

light Plants need light (Photosynthesis!)

mammals Any of various warm-blooded vertebrate animals of the class Mammalia, including humans, characterized by a covering of hair on the skin.

birds Any of various warm-blooded, egg-laying, feathered vertebrates of the class Aves, having forelimbs modified to form wings.

reptiles any cold-blooded vertebrate of the class Reptilia including tortoises, turtles, snakes, lizards, alligators, crocodiles, and extinct forms

fish cold-blooded aquatic vertebrates usually having scales and breathing through gills

amphibians cold-blooded vertebrate typically living on land but breeding in water; aquatic larvae undergo metamorphosis into adult form frogs, toads, salamanders, newts, and caecilians are some examples

arthropods he largest group of animals on Earth. Arthropods are a type of invertebrate. Common examples include: spiders, ants, butterflies, crabs and dragonflies. Animals that have jointed legs, a body divided into two or more parts, and a skeleton on the outside of its body; all arthropods lack a backbone

Examples of Arthropods

vertebrates having a backbone or spinal column; "fishes and amphibians and reptiles and birds and mammals are vertebrate animals”

invertebrates An invertebrate is an animal without a backbone. The group includes 95% of all animal species (due to insects and bugs!) Examples: shellfish, worms, jellyfish, sponges, seastars, corals, insects, spiders, snails and slugs

Plant Characteristics They make their own food – Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll – Chlorophyll absorbs energy from the sun – Plants use the energy to make food - glucose (sugar) – Process is called Photosynthesis

Chloroplasts:

Plant Characteristics Plants Have a Cuticle

What is a Cuticle? – A waxy layer that coats the surface of stems, leaves, and other plant parts exposed to the air. – Keeps plants from drying out.

Plant Characteristics Plant Cells have Cell Walls

What is a Cell Wall – a plant cell is surrounded by a rigid cell wall – outside of the cell membrane – helps support and protect the plant

Animal Characteristics 1. Multicellular 2. Consume Food 3. Movement 4. Exhibit embryonic development

behaviors manner of acting or controlling yourself

migration the movement of people/animals from one country or locality to another

environment the circumstances, objects, or conditions by which one is surrounded

Natural events Natural events occur outside of human control

habitat the type of environment in which an organism or group normally lives or occurs;

adaptation a change in a plant or animal that makes it better able to live in a particular place or situation