Isaiah “The Holy One of Israel” 1

Isaiah Outlined Isaiah 1-35Isaiah 36-39Isaiah Condemnation of the past History in the present Comfort for the future Prophecies against Israel (1-12) Prophecies against other nations (13-23) Prophecies of judgment & hope (24-35) The salvation and sickness of Hezekiah (36-39) Prophecies of coming delivery (40-48) Prophecies of the divine deliverer (49-57) Prophecies of the glorious deliverance (58-66) 2

Key Dates in Isaiah’s Ministry EventDate Introduction (1:1) B.C. In the year that Uzziah died (6:1) 740 B.C. In the days of Ahaz (7:1,3)732 B.C. In the year that Ahaz died (14:28) 716 B.C. In the year that Tartan came to Ashdod (20:1) 711 B.C. In the 14 th year of King Hezekiah (36:1) 701 B.C. 3

Assyria in the Time of Isaiah 4

Assyrian Invasions of Palestine 5

Assyrian Kings in Isaiah’s Day  Shalmaneser III ( B.C.)  Shamshi-Adad V ( B.C.)  Adad-Nirari III ( B.C.)  Shalmaneser IV ( B.C.)  Ashur-dan III ( B.C.)  Ashur-Nirari V ( B.C.)  Tiglath-pileser III ( B.C.)  Shalmaneser V ( B.C.)  Sargon II ( B.C.)  Sennacherib ( B.C.)  Esarhaddon ( B.C.)  Ashurbanipal ( B.C.)  Ashur-eti-ilani ( B.C.)  Sin-shum-lishir ( B.C.)  Sin-shar-ishkum ( B.C.)  Ashur-uballit ( B.C.) 6 Time of Isaiah

Four Assyrian Invasions of Palestine Date / BibleKingsEvent 732 B.C. 2 Kings 16:7 2 Chron. 28:20 Tiglath-pilesar III Pekah (Israel) Ahaz (Judah) Subjugates cities from northern Israel down to Egypt B.C. 2 Kings 17:3 Shalmaneser V Sargon II Hoshea (Israel) Ahaz (Judah) Takes Israel and Samaria captive 7

Four Assyrian Invasions of Palestine Date / BibleKingsEvent 711 B.C. Isaiah 20:1 Sargon II Hezekiah (Judah) Puts down the Ashod revolt 701 B.C. 2 Kings 18:13 2 Chron. 32:1 Isaiah Sennacherib Hezekiah (Judah) Takes captive towns in Judah but Jerusalem is saved 8

Parallel Events Concerning Hezekiah Isaiah2 Kings & 2 Chronicles Assyria invades Judah (36:1)2 K. 18:13; 2 Chron. 32:1 Hezekiah pays tribute to the king of Assyria (2 K. 18:14-16) Hezekiah fortifies Jerusalem (2 Chron. 32:2-8) Rabshakeh speaks (36:2-22)2 K. 18:17-37; 2 Chron. 32:9- 19 Isaiah is summoned (37:1-4)2 K. 19:1-5 Isaiah responds (37:5-7)2 K. 19:6-7 Rabshakeh speaks (37:8-13)2 K. 19:8-13 9

Parallel Events Concerning Hezekiah Isaiah2 Kings & 2 Chronicles Hezekiah prays for help (37:14-20) 2 K. 19;14-19; 2 Chron. 32:20 (Isaiah prays also) The Lord answers the king of Assyria (37:21-35) 2 K. 19:20-34 Assyria is defeated (37:36-38)2 K. 19:35-37; 2 Chron. 32:21 Hezekiah is saved and exalted (2 Chron. 32:22-23) Hezekiah falls sick and prays (38:1-3) 2 K. 20:1-3; 2 Chron. 32:24 Hezekiah is healed and recovers (38:4-8, 21-22) 2 K. 20:4-7; 2 Chron. 32:24 10

Parallel Events Concerning Hezekiah Isaiah2 Kings & 2 Chronicles The Lord gives the miraculous sign of the sun dial (38:7-8) 2 K. 20:8-11 Hezekiah is filled with pride (2 Chron. 32:25-26) Hezekiah sings a song of praise for his recovery (38:9-20) Hezekiah shows his treasures to the Babylonians (39:1-4) 2 K. 20:12-15; 2 Chron. 32: The Lord responds to Hezekiah’s proud act (39:5-8) 2 K. 20:

Isaiah 36  36:1-3 In the 14 th year of Hezekiah (701 B.C.), Sennacherib king of Assyria, comes to fight against the cities of Judah. He sends Rabshakeh to Jerusalem to tell the people to surrender.  36:4-10 Rabshakeh speaks on behalf of the king and tells Hezekiah and the people not to trust in Egypt or in the Lord.  36:11-12 The leaders ask Rabshakeh to speak in the Syrian language, not in the Jews’ language. 12

Isaiah 36  36:13-20 Rabshakeh continues his defiant speech. He tells the people to stop following Hezekiah and to stop trusting the Lord. He says the gods of other nations were not able to deliver those nations from the Assyrian army.  36:21-22 The leaders do not answer Rabshakeh. Instead, they tell Hezekiah what he said and they tear their clothes. 13

Isaiah 37  37:1-4 When Hezekiah hears the words of Rabshakeh, he tears his clothes, puts on sackcloth, and goes into the temple. He calls for Isaiah and asks him to pray about the troubled situation.  37:5-7 Isaiah tells Hezekiah not to be afraid because the Lord is going to cause the king of Assyria to leave Jerusalem, return home, and there be killed. 14

Isaiah 37  37:8-13 Rabshakeh continues his defiant speech. He tells Hezekiah not to trust in God. He says the gods of other nations were not able to deliver those nations from the Assyrian army.  37:14-20 When Hezekiah hears the words of Rabshakeh, he prays to the Lord and calls upon him to save Jerusalem from the hand of Sennacherib. 15

Isaiah 37  37:21-25 The Lord answers Hezekiah’s prayer. He tells Hezekiah that Jerusalem is going to shake her head at Sennacherib because he has defied and blasphemed the Holy One of Israel.  37:26-29 The only reason that Sennacherib is successful in conquering cities is because of the Lord’s doing. However, this time, arrogant Sennacherib is going to be lead away with hook and bridle. 16

Isaiah 37  37:30-32 The Lord gives Hezekiah a sign: within three years the land will bear fruit again. There will also be a remnant of people who will bear fruit in Judah and Jerusalem.  37:33-35 The Lord assures Hezekiah that Sennacherib will not come against Jerusalem, but he will return home. The Lord is going to defend the city of Jerusalem for his own sake and for David’s sake. 17

Isaiah 37  37:36-38 The angel of the Lord kills 185,000 Assyrian soldiers. Sennacherib returns to Nineveh. While he is worshipping in the house of Nisrock his god, he is assassinated by two of his sons. His son Esarhaddon reigns in his place. 18

Sennacherib Annals / Taylor Prism  Assyrian cuneiform on a hexagonal clay prism; found in 1830 by Col. R. Taylor at Nineveh; located in the British Museum  “Hezekiah himself, like a caged bird I shut up in Jerusalem, his royal city.” (Column 3) inches

Isaiah “The Holy One of Israel” 20

Isaiah 38  38:1-8 Hezekiah falls sick unto death and Isaiah tells him to put his house in order because he is going to die. Hezekiah prays with tears to the Lord for help. The Lord hears Hezekiah’s prayer and promises to add 15 years to his life and defend Jerusalem from the king of Assyria. As proof of his promise, the Lord gives Hezekiah the sign of the shadow on the sun dial returning 10 steps. 21

Isaiah 38  38:9-20 Hezekiah records his song of thanksgiving and praise to the Lord for his recovery. First, he believes that he is going to the grave. Second, he feels bitter in soul while he is sick. Third, he desires that the Lord heal him. Finally, he knows that if he dies he cannot praise the Lord in the grave. He wants to live so that he can praise the Lord in song.  38:21-22 Isaiah tells what do for Hezekiah to be healed and Hezekiah asks for a sign. 22

Isaiah 39  39:1-4 Hezekiah receives a present for his recovery from the ambassadors from Babylon. In turn, he shows them all the treasures in his house.  39:5-8 Isaiah tells Hezekiah that all the treasures that he showed these men and his descendents will be carried away to Babylon one day. Hezekiah accepts the good word of the Lord from Isaiah and the peace in his days. 23