March 18, 2013 As soon as you enter, QUIETLY and QUICKLY 1. Read the F.Q. and L.G.’s. 2. Answer the L.P. 3. Receive a stamp! You have 4 minutes.
Weathering is the physical and chemical changes in rocks at Earth’s surface. Weathering is the physical and chemical changes in rocks at Earth’s surface. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
The 2 types of weathering are physical and chemical. The 2 types of weathering are physical and chemical. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Physical weathering is breaking rocks into smaller pieces without a change in composition. Physical weathering is breaking rocks into smaller pieces without a change in composition. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Agents of physical weathering include Agents of physical weathering include Heat Heat Water Water Ice Ice Pressure Pressure Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Agents of physical weathering include Agents of physical weathering include Heat Heat Water Water Ice Ice Pressure Pressure Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Agents of physical weathering include Agents of physical weathering include Heat Heat Water Water Ice Ice Pressure Pressure Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Agents of physical weathering include Agents of physical weathering include Heat Heat Water Water Ice Ice Pressure Pressure Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Agents of physical weathering include Agents of physical weathering include Heat Heat Water Water Ice Ice And Pressure And Pressure Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Abrasion – the with other rocks Abrasion – the grinding away of rock by friction with other rocks Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
What is exfoliation in the beauty world?
“It’s when you remove dead skin cells so new healthy cells are shown.”
Sheeting/ Exfoliation – rock layers peel off, fall, and break apart. Sheeting/ Exfoliation – rock layers peel off, fall, and break apart. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Sheeting/ Exfoliation – rock layers peel off, fall, and break apart. Sheeting/ Exfoliation – rock layers peel off, fall, and break apart. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Sheeting/ Exfoliation – rock layers peel off, fall, and break apart. Sheeting/ Exfoliation – rock layers peel off, fall, and break apart. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Sheeting/ Exfoliation – rock layers peel off, fall, and break apart. Sheeting/ Exfoliation – rock layers peel off, fall, and break apart. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Sheeting/ Exfoliation – rock layers peel off, fall, and break apart. Sheeting/ Exfoliation – rock layers peel off, fall, and break apart. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Sheeting/ Exfoliation – rock layers peel off, fall, and break apart. Sheeting/ Exfoliation – rock layers peel off, fall, and break apart. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Sheeting/ Exfoliation – rock layers peel off, fall, and break apart. Sheeting/ Exfoliation – rock layers peel off, fall, and break apart. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Exfoliation is much like an onion losing layers. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Which picture best represents exfoliation? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Answer! A.
Answer! A. B is ice wedging.
Which picture best represents exfoliation? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Answer! B. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Answer! B. A is Chemical Weathering. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
What happens if you leave a can of soda in the freezer?
ANSWER: The can will explode because water expands when it is frozen. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
The increase in volume of ice is about 9%. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
The increase in volume of ice is about 9%. This increase causes enough force to break most rigid containers. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
The increase in volume of ice is about 9%. This increase causes enough force to break most rigid containers. This is the same force, repeated on a daily basis, that creates cracks in the roads in the winter. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Frost Wedging – water enters cracks in rocks, freezes, expands, and breaks rocks. Frost Wedging – water enters cracks in rocks, freezes, expands, and breaks rocks. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Frost wedging creates cracks and holds which you can use to rock climb! Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
What is this a picture of?
Answer: This is a picture of the Old Man of the Mountain in New Hampshire!
Thermal Expansion – repeated heating and cooling of rocks results in stress and breakage. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Which is exfoliation, and which is thermal expansion? A B Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Answer! Trick Question. Thermal expansion leads to sheeting / exfoliation. A B Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Root Wedging – Plant roots enter a crack, grow and expand the crack. Root Wedging – Plant roots enter a crack, grow and expand the crack. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Root Wedging – Plant roots enter a crack, grow and expand the crack. Root Wedging – Plant roots enter a crack, grow and expand the crack. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Root Wedging – Plant roots enter a crack, grow and expand the crack. Root Wedging – Plant roots enter a crack, grow and expand the crack. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Which picture best represents ice wedging, and which picture best represents root wedging? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Which picture best represents ice wedging, and which picture best represents root wedging? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Root Wedging Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Root Wedging Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Root Wedging Frost Wedging Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Animal Activity – Animals mechanically wear away the rock. Animal Activity – Animals mechanically wear away the rock. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Wind weathering – particles of sand, pebbles, and dust are carried by wind and cause abrasion. Wind weathering – particles of sand, pebbles, and dust are carried by wind and cause abrasion. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
March 21, 2013 As soon as you enter, QUIETLY and QUICKLY 1. Copy the F.Q. and L.G.’s in your NOTEBOOK. 2. List as many examples of weathering as you can. 3. Receive a stamp! You have 4 minutes.
Chemical Weathering occurs when chemical processes break down rocks and change their composition. Chemical Weathering occurs when chemical processes break down rocks and change their composition. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Chemical weathering rate depends on Chemical weathering rate depends on Temperature Temperature Amount of surface area Amount of surface area Availability of water or natural acid Availability of water or natural acid Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Chemical weathering rate depends on Chemical weathering rate depends on Temperature Temperature Amount of surface area Amount of surface area Availability of water or natural acid Availability of water or natural acid Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Chemical weathering rate depends on Chemical weathering rate depends on Temperature Temperature Surface area Surface area Availability of water or natural acid Availability of water or natural acid Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Chemical weathering rate depends on Chemical weathering rate depends on Temperature Temperature Surface area Surface area Availability of water or natural acid Availability of water or natural acid Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Carbonation – Water and CO 2 create carbonic acid which wears down rock. Carbonation – Water and CO 2 create carbonic acid which wears down rock. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Brought to New York City Water + Chemical Pollution = Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Brought to New York City Water + Chemical Pollution = Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Hydrolysis – Hydrolysis – Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Hydrolysis – Chemical reaction between the minerals in the rock and hydrogen in rain water wears down rock. Hydrolysis – Chemical reaction between the minerals in the rock and hydrogen in rain water wears down rock. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Oxidation – The process by which oxygen combines with water and minerals in the rock to weaken it. Oxidation – The process by which oxygen combines with water and minerals in the rock to weaken it. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Which picture best represents oxidation weathering? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Answer! B. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Answer! B. A appears to by more hydrolysis than oxidation. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Solution – Process by which minerals in the rocks dissolve directly in water. Solution – Process by which minerals in the rocks dissolve directly in water. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
LIMESTONE CAVES Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Hydration – Process where minerals in the rock absorb water and expand. Hydration – Process where minerals in the rock absorb water and expand. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Salts as well as organic acids in soil and from plant like lichens cause chemical weathering. Salts as well as organic acids in soil and from plant like lichens cause chemical weathering. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
March 22, 2013 As soon as you enter, QUIETLY and QUICKLY 1.Copy the F.Q. and L.G.’s in your NOTEBOOK. 2.List as many examples of weathering as you can. 3.Receive a stamp! You have 5 minutes.
What is this a picture of? How long will it be there? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Answer: This is a photograph of a footprint on the moon made in It is most likely still there. Why?
Weathering occurs very quickly on Earth because of wind, water, and animals. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
The moon does NOT have an ATMOSPHERE—most important agent of weathering! Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
HOW DOES THE ENVIRONMENT AFFECT WEATHERING? The harder a rock is, the more it RESISTS weathering. The more chemically stable a rock’s minerals are, the more it RESISTS weathering.
SURFACE AREA MATTERS!
HOW DOES THE ENVIRONMENT AFFECT WEATHERING? The colder the climate, the more likely PHYSICAL WEATHERING will occur. The warmer and wetter the climate, the more likely CHEMICAL WEATHERING will occur.
PRACTICE QUESTIONS 1.You found several rocks weathered by wind-blown sand in a desert environment. These angular rocks are called ventifacts. What kind of weathering process most likely shaped these rocks? A.Physical abrasion B.Chemical weathering C.Biological processes D.Melting of rock
PRACTICE QUESTIONS 1.You found several rocks weathered by wind-blown sand in a desert environment. These angular rocks are called ventifacts. What kind of weathering process most likely shaped these rocks? A. Physical abrasion
PRACTICE QUESTIONS 2. What kind of weathering are carbonation and hydrolysis? A.Physical B.Biological C.Chemical D.Glacial
PRACTICE QUESTIONS 2. What kind of weathering are carbonation and hydrolysis? C. Chemical
PRACTICE QUESTIONS 3. What substance combines with atmospheric gases to cause hydrolysis and carbonation? A.Potassium feldspar B.Air C.Hydrochloric acid D.Water
PRACTICE QUESTIONS 3. What substance combines with atmospheric gases to cause hydrolysis and carbonation? D. Water
PRACTICE QUESTIONS 4. What kind of weathering is most common in an area with an average yearly temperature of 5 º C and precipitation of 45 cm? A.Moderate chemical weathering B.Very slight weathering C.Moderate chemical weathering with frost action D.Slight frost action
PRACTICE QUESTIONS 4. What kind of weathering is most common in an area with an average yearly temperature of 5 º C and precipitation of 45 cm? D. Slight frost action
WHY IS WEATHERING IMPORTANT? Because it creates SOIL and soil leads to LIFE! Soil = a mixture of weathered rock and organic matter.
Relationship of Transported Particle Size to Water Velocity
PRACTICE QUESTIONS Complete # 8-13 on page 70. You have 10 minutes!