علم المناعة حدق 451 Immunology الدكتور / فهد المجحــدي Dr. Fahad AL- Majhdi مكتب 2 ب 49.

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Presentation transcript:

علم المناعة حدق 451 Immunology الدكتور / فهد المجحــدي Dr. Fahad AL- Majhdi مكتب 2 ب 49

مواعيد الإمتحانات الشهرية

التوزيع الكلي للدرجات الإمتحان الشهري الأول : 10 درجات الإمتحان الشهري الثاني : 10 درجات الدرجة النهائية للعملي : 30 درجة الإمتحان النهائي : 50 درجة

نبذة تاريخية عن علم المناعة History and impact of immunology on human health ملاحظات Observation حماية Protection Immunity Immunis = Latin = Immunity B.C. ملاحظات Notes محاو ت بدائية لتحفيز المناعة Chinese + Torks 15th

Lady Mary Wortly Montagu التطعيم Variolation بثرات Pustule جدري الانسان Smallpox حماية Protection طبيب انجليزي Edward Jenner Milkmaids - cowpox Protection against - smallpox

Louis Pasteur cholera تجربة اصابات الدجاج بالكوليرا Bacteria - culture infection Bacteria - old culture infection Recover AttenuationProtection… Vaccine Vaccine = Latin = Vacca = Cow Louis PasteurAnthrax الجمرة الخبيثة Bacillus anthracis Heat – attenuationsheep الأغنام لقاح Vaccine Bact 1881

Louis Pasteur Rabies لقاح للإنسان Human Vaccine Child طفل rabid dog Emil vonBehring Antitoxin Mechanism الآلية غير معروفة Serumنق ل إلى حيوانات غير محصنة ‘Diphtheria’ أجسام مضادة Antibodies Serum = Neutralize, precipitate, agglutinate Toxin animal Immunized

1930 Elvin Kabat المناعة السائلة Humoral immunity Serum = γ-Globulin = Immunoglobulin Antibodies أجسام مضادة Humors = Latin = humoral immunity سوائل الجسم 1883 Elie Metchnikoff Phogocytasis Phagocytes خلايا الدم البيضاء هضم الكائنات الغريبة Active – immunized Inactive – non-immunized دور المناعة السائلة أو الخلوية في المناعة ؟

1940 Merrill Cell- mediated immunity المناعة الخلوية نقل المناعة ضد / Tuberculosis تطور المزارع النسيجية 1950 Tissue culture مسئولة عن المناعة الخلوية والسائلة Lymphocyte T- LymphocytesB- Lymphocytes Thymus Bursa at Fabricius Cell – mediated immunity Humoral immunity 1950 Bruce Glick Lymphocytes الخلايا المفاوية

النظريات ادائية في علم المناعة Early theories at immunity Antigen / antibodies Specificity نوعية / خصوصية Nonpathogenic immunity Organic, ………. etc النظرية اأتخابية Selective theory Poul Ehrlich ………… 1900 Blood Side Chain its reaction inhibit organism سلاسل جانبيةالدم SC: receptors مستقب ت Key – lock concept

النظرية العلمية Instructional theory 1930 – 1940 AntigenSpecificity النوعية.. To.. Antibody Ag Ab Protein – Folding ……………… 1940 Protein, RNA, DNA structure … Ab to many substances Selective theory ” النظرية الأنتخابية “ 1950 Clonal – selection theory نظرية أنتخاب النسيلة Lymphocytes – code – specific receptors For many ‘Ag’ Role

مكونات المناعة Components of Immunity تعريف : هي حالة الحماية من الأمراض المعدية والتي تحتوي على مركبات نوعية وغير نوعية المناعة الطبيعية : Innate immunity آلية مقاومة المرض الغير متخصصة (نوعية) Ex: Macrophage, Phagocytic cells الخلايا البعلمية اللاقمات Role in immunity المناعة المكتسبة : Adoptive immunity Specific + memory الخصوصيةالذاكرة 1 st Expose – Ag5-6/ Days Adaptive Immunity 2ed Expose – Agmemory Response Fast + Effective Lymphocytes + Ab