Agricultural sector in Pakistan As old as man profession. Means cultivation. Opened avenues of livelihood. As old as man profession. Means cultivation. Opened avenues of livelihood. Mainstay of Pakistan economy.22 % of GDP and 44.8% of employment is generated with it. Mainstay of Pakistan economy.22 % of GDP and 44.8% of employment is generated with it. At the time of partition, Punjab was regarded as bread master or granary of subcontinent. At the time of partition, Punjab was regarded as bread master or granary of subcontinent.

Progress in Agri Sector Remained Sluggish from47-53 due to influx of refuges. Allotment of non-agri refugees caused much harm. Water logging and salinity increased the decline in this sector during Remained Sluggish from47-53 due to influx of refuges. Allotment of non-agri refugees caused much harm. Water logging and salinity increased the decline in this sector during Pak had to import 1M ton of wheat to meet acute food shortage. Planners decided to develop agriculture along with industry. Annual growth rate in agri sector was 1.3% while population growth rate was 2.6% during increase in food chain was negligible during this time. Cotton increased 2% an jute5% Pak had to import 1M ton of wheat to meet acute food shortage. Planners decided to develop agriculture along with industry. Annual growth rate in agri sector was 1.3% while population growth rate was 2.6% during increase in food chain was negligible during this time. Cotton increased 2% an jute5%

Importance of Agriculture Major contribution to GDP. At top among other sectors of economy. Major contribution to GDP. At top among other sectors of economy. Food Availability. Population rising at 3% PA rise.7 th biggest country on the basis of population. Providing wheat,vegetables, edibles. Food Availability. Population rising at 3% PA rise.7 th biggest country on the basis of population. Providing wheat,vegetables, edibles. Supply of raw materials to industries. Supply of raw materials to industries. Big source of employment Big source of employment Industrial development Industrial development Source of earning foreign exchange. Source of earning foreign exchange. Extended markets Extended markets

Greater potentialities. Greater potentialities. Strategic importance. Strategic importance. Supply of labor forces Supply of labor forces Source of revenue Source of revenue Per capita food. Calories available are 2306.Less as compared to developed countries. To increase nutrition status agri sector is very important. Per capita food. Calories available are 2306.Less as compared to developed countries. To increase nutrition status agri sector is very important. Cultural aspects: An agri oriented society. Cultural activities of rural areas are competition of live stock, tent pegging and festivals Cultural aspects: An agri oriented society. Cultural activities of rural areas are competition of live stock, tent pegging and festivals

Problems of Agri Sector Instead of wide spread importance, This sector is backward. Yield per hector is less than many developing countries. Problems can be divided in to 3 sectors/ Instead of wide spread importance, This sector is backward. Yield per hector is less than many developing countries. Problems can be divided in to 3 sectors/ Techno Economic Factors Techno Economic Factors Natural factor Natural factor Socio Economic Factors Socio Economic Factors

Techno Economic Factors Low yield Low yield In adequate infra structure In adequate infra structure Un economic land holdings Un economic land holdings Lack of mechanization Lack of mechanization In adequate supply of agricultural inputs In adequate supply of agricultural inputs Scarcity of irrigation water Scarcity of irrigation water Limited cultivable area:79.6 M hectors of land.1/4 are is cultivable. Limited cultivable area:79.6 M hectors of land.1/4 are is cultivable. Water logging and salinity Water logging and salinity Shortage of agricultural finance Shortage of agricultural finance

Low cropping intensity: Means no of crops grown on piece of land. Area under double crop is limited. Low cropping intensity: Means no of crops grown on piece of land. Area under double crop is limited. No proper crop rotation No proper crop rotation Slow growth of allied products Slow growth of allied products In adequate agricultural research In adequate agricultural research Un stable market price Un stable market price Problem of land reforms Problem of land reforms High ratio of population dependant on land High ratio of population dependant on land Less use of fertilizer Less use of fertilizer Lack of professional knowledge Lack of professional knowledge

Natural Factors Plant Disease Plant Disease Shortage of quality seeds Shortage of quality seeds Natural calamities Natural calamities Soil erosion: means washing away of upper surface by floods water and excessive rain in hills. Soil erosion: means washing away of upper surface by floods water and excessive rain in hills.

Socio economic factors Consumption –oriented society. Spend more than needed on marriages. death and birth Consumption –oriented society. Spend more than needed on marriages. death and birth Farmer’s Litigation: Courts and police station Farmer’s Litigation: Courts and police station Poor housing and health facilities Poor housing and health facilities Lack of cold stores and ware houses Lack of cold stores and ware houses Problems of Agricultural marketing Problems of Agricultural marketing

Remedies Farm mechanization Farm mechanization Mechanical Technology TractorThrashersBulldozers Chemical Technology Plant Protection

Cooperative farmig. Farmers pool their resources in order to carry out agricultural operations Cooperative farmig. Farmers pool their resources in order to carry out agricultural operations Marketing TransportationProcessingStorageGrading \

Controlling water logging and salinity Controlling water logging and salinity Plantation Plantation Better facilities of irrigation Better facilities of irrigation Availability of quality seeds Availability of quality seeds Plant Protection Plant Protection Adequate use of fertilizers Adequate use of fertilizers Agricultural education and research Agricultural education and research Up grading units of cultivation Up grading units of cultivation Production of oil seeds and live stock development Production of oil seeds and live stock development Facilities in rural areas Facilities in rural areas Proper crop rotation Proper crop rotation