Unit 1.  Energy is the ability to do work or produce heat  Thermodynamics is the production of heat.

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Presentation transcript:

Unit 1

 Energy is the ability to do work or produce heat  Thermodynamics is the production of heat

 Molecules and atoms that make up all substances are constantly in motion- this motion is called kinetic energy  Thermal energy is related to ‘kinetic energy’  Molecular motion increase as temperature increases?  Demo. of thermal energy- Demo. of thermal energy  Rub hands together

 Heat is also the flow of energy (always from a hotter substance to a colder one)  Example- hold an ice cube in your hand- what happens?  Heat from your hand is transferred to the ice cube, which then melts  Spraying water on crops to prevent frost

 First Law:  Energy is never created nor destroyed, it only changes form  Ex- when gas is burned in your car, bond energy is converted into kinetic energy (moving pistons) and heat  Chemical reactions typically involve potential energy being converted into kinetic energy

 Heat- is the amount of kinetic energy in a sample of matter  Flows from warmer to cooler objects  Unit of heat is the Joule (J)  FYI-  one joule of energy is equal to the amount of energy used by a 100W bulb for 0.01 s  An ordinary paper match burns about 1,000 J  Another unit is the calorie (cal)

 Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy  Units are in degrees celsius ( o C) or in Kelvins (K)  To convert between o C and K:  o C= 273-K; K= o C+273  Assignment: converting Kelvin to celsius

 Lab:  Purpose: understand the relationship between kinetic energy and temperature and potential and kinetic energy during phase changes  Phase changes Phase changes  Heating curve of water Heating curve of water

 In any substance, all of the atoms are in constant motion  However, not all molecules will have the same energy- some will be moving fast, some slow and some in between  If we were to graph this it would be a bell graph

 30_05/1_energy/energy1_4.htm 30_05/1_energy/energy1_4.htm  urse_material/unit1/U01L06.htm - for analogy urse_material/unit1/U01L06.htm

 Something to think about:  What has more heat energy an iceberg or a cup of boiling water?  An iceberg because there are many more molecules in an iceberg than a cup of water; heat is the TOTAL kinetic energy therefore more molecules means more energy

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