The Denial Of Rights Promises Betrayed Roles of Booker T. Washington, W.E. B. DuBois, John and Legenia Burns Hope, and Alonzo Herdon

Jim Crow Laws  A set of laws instituted to segregate blacks from whites.  Public schools  Restaurants  Hotels  Theaters  Cinemas  Public bath houses  Segregation on buses and trains  Marriage between blacks/whites in many states

Plessy v. Ferguson  Court case heard in the Supreme Court  Case originated in Lousiana in 1896  Upheld segregation and deemed legal and long as facilities were “separate but equal”  Ruling in this case justified racial segregation for 50 years

Disenfranchisement  Various practices enforced for the purpose of denying Negroes the right to vote, which was granted by the ratification of the 15 th amendment in  Practices included:  Poll taxes  Literacy tests  Record keeping requirements  Local rule variations

Racial Violence  Tensions increased for various reasons July 1900, in New Orleans, the “Robert Charles Racial Riot” occurred after Robert Charles fought back against 2 white policemen. A white mob killed Charles and terrorized innocent black citizens.

Atlanta Race Riots  Occurred Sept. 22 nd - Sept. 24, 1906 The Negro population grew from 9000 in 1880 to 35, 000 in Growth caused increased competition for jobs and deepened class divisions. Articles printed in local newspapers evoked racial tension to riot level. 2 day rioting resulted in an unofficial death toll of blacks and 2 whites The barbershop owned by Alonzo Herndon was damaged.

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Who is Alonzo Herndon?  Was a Georgia native who became the wealthiest Black man in the city of Atlanta at the time of his death in1927.  His businesses include a chain of barbershops and the most successful  black-owned insurance co. in the nation.  He owned 100 houses on Auburn Avenue.  He was active an active member of the NAACP and founded the National Negro Business League.

Alonzo Herndon Alonzo Herndon

Booker T. Washington  In 1881, he founded Tuskegee Institute in Alabama.  He became recognized as the nations foremost black educator.  He delivered a speech entitled the “Atlanta Compromise” in  He maintained a conservative approach to racial equality until his later years.  He was the first Negro to dine at the White House. He was an advisor to Theodore Roosevelt.

Booker T Washington Booker T Washington

W.E.B. Dubois  Founding member of the NAACP NAACP  Writer and editor of “The Crisis” magazine “The Crisis” magazine  He was labeled a “radical”

John and Lugenia Burns Hope  John Hope Burns, Georgia native, was a professor and later became President of Morehouse College.  He became founding President of Atlanta University, the country’s first black graduate school.  Lugenia Burns Hope founded the Neighborhood Union.  Union became a model for community building and race/gender activism world-wide.  She is the 5 th inductee in the Ga Women of Achievement.

The Burns Hope Family The Burns Hope Family