The Age of Jackson AP US History Mrs. Lacks

Essential Question: Champion of the common man OR King Andrew?

Jackson’s Early Life

Andrew Jackson B. March 15, 1767 Parents: Scot-Irish immigrants Grew up in western N or S Carolina Joined Tennessee militia at age of 13 Colonel then Major General, War of 1812 (Old Hickory) Many political positions Wealthy slave owner Military Governor of Florida 1 st POTUS from Democratic Partyt 7 th POTUS

1 st known painting of AJ, 1815

During the First Seminole War

1 st Preside ntial Run

Henry Clay [KY] John Quincy Adams [MA] Andrew Jackson (TN) William H. Crawford [GA] Election of 1824

A Corrupt Bargain Clay dropped out Threw all support behind JQA JQA wins AJ outraged!

Election of 1824: A Corrupt Bargain?

The John Quincy Adams Administration

3 Adams believed a strong, active central government was necessary. 3 Many Americans saw Adams’ vision of a might nation led by a strong president as a threat to individual liberties. Opposition to JQA

Election of 1828

3 The Planter Elite in the South 3 People on the Frontier 3 Artisans [competition from factory labor]. 3 State Politicians  spoils system  To the victor belong the spoils of the enemy! [William Marcy of NY] 3 Immigrants in the cities. The New Jackson Coalition

What were the democratic trends of the early 19 th century?

3 White male suffrage increased 3 Party nominating committees. 3 Electoral votes determined by popular vote 3 Rise of Third Parties. 3 Popular campaigning (parades, rallies, floats, etc.) Increased Democratization

Campaigning “on the stump”

Voting Requirements

Voter Turnout :

The Nullification Crisis South Carolina

> new Tariff of Abominations (even more expensive to trade with Europe) 3 South Carolina’s reaction? 3 Tried to pass a law saying states could nullify federal laws (like VA & KY Resolutions under John Adams) 3 Supported by VP John C. Calhoun (SC) 3 Jackson’s response? 3 Force Act – back down SC or I’ll send troops Tariff Conflict

Jackson’s Native American Policy

Jackson’s NA Policy 3 Jackson’s Goal?  Indian Removal Act 3 Moved all Native Americans west of the Mississippi River to Oklahoma Territory 3 Worcester v. GA (1832) 3 Cherokee sued Jackson to stay on land in GA; case went all the way to the Supreme Court 3 Court, under Chief Justice John Marshall, said Cherokee could stay 3 Jackson’s Response: John Marshall has made his decision, now let him enforce it!

The Cherokee Nation

Indian Removal

Trail of Tears ( )

Jackson’s Professed “Love” for Native Americans

Assassination Attempts First POTUS that anyone attempted to kill First attempt: Robert Randolph, Naval officer – hit AJ over the head with a rock Second attempt: Richard Lawrence, unemployed housepainter, shot at AJ while leaving the Capitol; gun misfired (twice); AJ beat him with a cane

Assassination Attempts

Renewing the charter of the 2 nd National Bank

Jackson & the Bank Jackson hated the national bank because he thought it was too powerful

The Downfall of “Mother Bank”

The Bank & the 1832 Election 3 Jackson saw the renewing of the Bank’s charter as an attempt to block his re-election!  Jackson refused to sign the bill to re-charter.  The Bank is trying to destroy me, but I will destroy it!  Jackson drops Calhoun as VP and runs with Martin Van Buren.

Election of 1832

The “Monster” Is Destroyed!  Jackson vetoed the extension of the 2 nd National Bank of the United States  the charter expired. 3 the bank went bankrupt, and large scale panic set it

An 1832 Cartoon: “King Andrew”? An 1832 Cartoon: “King Andrew”?

Election of 1836 Martin Van Buren “Old Kinderhook” [O. K.]

The Panic of 1837 Hits Everyone!

Andrew Jackson in retirement On the last day of the presidency, Jackson admitted that he had but two regrets, that he "had been unable to shoot Henry Clay or to hang John C. Calhoun."

Photo of Andrew Jackson in 1844 (one year before his death)