By: Mrs. Coates

  Explain the effects of Reconstruction, including new rights under the thirteenth, fourteenth, and fifteenth amendments; the actions of the Freedmen’s Bureau; and the move from a plantation system to sharecropping  By the end of today’s lesson, you will be able to describe the 3 amendments created after Reconstruction.

 Freed the slaves everywhere in the United States.  The Emancipation Proclamation only freed the slaves that were in territories still controlled by the Confederacy.  This amendment recognized the rights of all Americans to “life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness” as promised in the Declaration of Independence.  Therefore, during Reconstruction, the rights of African Americans were protected by the federal government.

 Allowed African Americans to become official citizens.  Overturned the Dred Scott decision and recognized the citizenship of African Americans.  The amendment also recognized the rights of all citizens to “due process of law” and “equal protection of the laws.”  The amendment affected African Americans in all parts of the United States, not just in the South.  Southern states refused to ratify the amendment and so Congressional Reconstruction was imposed.  The government used military force.

 Declared that a male citizen’s right to vote could not be infringed upon based on “race, creed or previous condition of servitude.”  Granted African American men the right to vote.  The amendment affected African Americans in all parts of the United States, not just in the South.  Southern states were required to write new constitutions that allowed African Americans to vote.  African American men were able to vote and hold political offices.

 The amendments were meant to protect African Americans, but they were only effective as long as the Republicans had control of state governments or federal troops were able to protect African Americans’ rights.  No laws were passed to ensure that African Americans would be able to own land.  Most Southerners refused to sell land to African Americans, even if the former slaves had the money to purchase it.  Consequently the economic rights and independence of freedmen were limited, even during Reconstruction.

 13 th Amendment  Freed all slaves  14 th Amendment  Recognized African Americans as citizens  15 th Amendment  Gave African American men the right to vote  Problems  Hard to enforce, didn’t help African Americans own land, didn’t help African Americans with their economic rights

 In small groups, you will be assigned an amendment to make a poster for.  Each group will create a poster describing and illustrating the amendment they were assigned.  1, 4: 13 th Amendment  2, 5: 14 th Amendment  3, 6: 15 th Amendment  Your posters should include at least 3 facts about the amendment plus an illustration that shows what the amendment stood for.

 Complete the short assessment about the 3 amendments by yourself. 1. Describe the 13 th amendment. 2. Describe the 14 th amendment. 3. Describe the 15 th amendment.

  Explain the effects of Reconstruction, including new rights under the thirteenth, fourteenth, and fifteenth amendments; the actions of the Freedmen’s Bureau; and the move from a plantation system to sharecropping  By the end of today’s lesson, you will be able to describe sharecropping and the Freedmen’s Bureau.

 After enslaved African were freed, their main goal during Reconstruction was to reunite their families.  When they were freed, many African Americans returned to the areas in the South where they were previously slaves.  They were nervous and afraid about their future…

 Southern planters entered into agreements with freedmen to get the work done on plantations – sharecropping.  The planters owned the land, but freedmen rented a plot of the land to work.  The freedmen were able to earn a portion of the crops they grew to help them make money.

 Established by Congress before the end of the Civil War.  It was a source of help for all people in the South, especially the freedmen.  Provided food, clothing, medical care, education and some protection.

 Helped many freedmen find jobs.  However, African Americans were not able to make much of their own money because they didn’t own land.  The Freedman’s Bureau helped African Americans to become sharecroppers.  One of the most important contributions of the Freedman’s Bureau was creating over 1,000 schools throughout the South.

 Sharecropping  Slaves shared plantation owner’s land to do work on plantation, but get a portion of the crop to earn money  Freedmen’s Bureau  Helped Freedmen to find jobs, education, and a safe place to live in the U.S.

 In small groups, you will complete a concept map activity.  You will all receive a group paper and have to quietly write information about the topic for the first 2 minutes.  When time is up, you will share your written thoughts with your group.  As a group, you will come up with 3 facts that you felt were most important about today’s topic, and write it in the center of the concept map.

For the first 2 minutes, silently write your thoughts about the effects of Reconstruction, in your own space. After time is called, share your thoughts with the group. Then, come up with 3 big ideas to write in the center.

 Complete the short assessment.  What was the Freedmen’s Bureau?  What is sharecropping?

  Explain the effects of Reconstruction, including new rights under the thirteenth, fourteenth, and fifteenth amendments; the actions of the Freedmen’s Bureau; and the move from a plantation system to sharecropping  By the end of today’s lesson, you will be able to use primary and secondary sources to describe effects of Reconstruction.

 13 th Amendment  14 th Amendment  15 th Amendment  Sharecropping  Freedmen’s Bureau

 In small groups, you are going to analyze primary sources related to the 13 th -15 th amendments and the Freedmen’s Bureau.  You will use your source guide to answer questions about each source.

  Explain the purpose and motivations of subversive groups during Reconstruction and their rise to power after the withdrawal of federal troops from the South.  By the end of today’s lesson, you will be able to describe the goals of subversive groups.

 There were many people in the South that fought for the Confederacy during the Civil war.  When the War ended, they still held Confederate views.  They didn’t believe that the newly freemen should have the same rights as others.  These people formed subversive groups.

 A subversive group is a group of people who gather together in order to damage or hurt another group of people.  The damage is not always done through physical violence, but often is.

 To intimidate the freedmen  The most infamous of these was the Ku Klux Klan (KKK).  Originally the KKK was made of ex- Confederate soldiers, but later included other people.

 The goal of the KKK was to use violence, intimidation, voter fraud and lying to keep African Americans from exercising their rights in the 13 th, 14 th, and 15 th amendments.  Some examples of violence and intimidation: Public lynching and cross burnings

 The government tried to control the KKK and stop them from intimidating freemen, but was not successful.  After further intimidation, these groups bargained with the government.  They said they would stop some of the harassment if the government takes the military out of the South.  This Compromise of 1877 resulted in the end of Reconstruction and African Americans were abandoned by the federal government.  Soon southern governments were passing laws to limit the rights of African Americans.

 Think-Pair-Share  With your partner, take turns sharing facts about Subversive groups. Partner A: Today, I learned that subversive groups… Partner B: That was a good point. I also learned that..  Keep this going until time is up.

 Complete the exit slip assessment for subversive groups.