4.3 Energy and Conservation Laws. Kinetic energy is the energy associated with motion. KE = ½ mv 2 m = mass, v = velocity Types of Energy – Kinetic Energy.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Unit 7 Energy.  Energy is the ability to do work or cause change. I can work…but I won’t.
Advertisements

Chapter 4: Making Sense of The Universe: Matter, Energy & Gravity
How to Study the Universe
ASTR100 (Spring 2008) Introduction to Astronomy Newton’s Laws of Motion Prof. D.C. Richardson Sections
© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Newton’s third law of motion: For every force, there is always an equal and opposite reaction force.
Chapter 5 Gravity. Describing motion Speed: Rate at which object moves example: 10 m/s Velocity: Speed and direction example: 10 m/s, due east Acceleration:
© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 4 Making Sense of the Universe: Understanding Motion, Energy, and Gravity.
Chapter 4 Making Sense of the Universe Understanding Motion, Energy, and Gravity.
Lecture Outline Chapter 4: Making Sense of the Universe Understanding Motion, Energy, and Gravity © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
Making Sense of the Universe Understanding Motion, Energy, and Gravity.
Lecture Outline Chapter 4: Making Sense of the Universe Understanding Motion, Energy, and Gravity © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
Science w/ Ms. Hendryx 9/22/11. Velocity: m/s (distance over time) Position: m (distance) Acceleration: m/s 2 (distance over time squared) Mass: kg Force:
Kinematics, Momentum and Energy BU Photon Outreach December 14, 2010.
Ch 8 Energy Notes Concept Summary Batesville High School Physics
Potential and Kinetic Energy. Work and Energy Work = force x distance Work is only done when an object changes position Expressed in joules Energy = the.
Forms and Transformations
ISNS Phenomena of Nature Solar energy striking Earth’s surface per second = 2.5 x J. Energy released by burning 1 liter of oil = solar energy.
Chapter 4 Making Sense of the Universe: Understanding Motion, Energy, and Gravity.
ENERGY and its FORMS (15.1). energy : the ability to do work work: the transfer of energy - energy is transferred by a force moving an object through.
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 4 Making Sense of the Universe: Understanding Motion, Energy, and Gravity.
Energy Every observable change requires energy.
Homework #2  Due today at 6PM  Covers Chapters 1, 2, and 3  Estimated time to complete: 1 hour 10 minutes (so don’t wait until the last minute!)  Read.
Energy. Energy & Work Closely related Energy: ability to do work Work: transfer of energy Both measured in Joules.
Work, Power, and Machines
Mechanical Energy Ch. 4. Energy Is the ability to do work. Energy = work Units = Joules (J) James Prescott Joule.
Chapter 5 Energy. Thermal Resistance Overview R thermal – Δ T/Q H Δ T temperature difference T heater – T heat Sink Q H heat flow rate V x IWatts or J/sec.
Lecture 4: Gravity and Motion Describing Motion Speed (miles/hr; km/s) Velocity (speed and direction) Acceleration (change in velocity) Units: m/s 2.
Work and Energy.
What is motion? what do scientists define as motion ? Why do the planets move the way they do?
ISNS Phenomena of Nature Angular Momentum Momentum associated with rotational or orbital motion angular momentum = mass x velocity x radius.
Gravity Gravity is the force that pulls objects toward the center of the earth.
Conservation of Energy. The Law of Conservation of Energy Energy cannot be CREATED or DESTROYED. Energy is just CONVERTED from one form to another.
Chapter 13 Energy.
Energy! We have both types of energy: Kinetic and Potential.
© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 4 Making Sense of the Universe: Understanding Motion, Energy, and Gravity.
Vesta, the second largest object in the asteroid belt, was recently imaged for the first time by the robotic Dawn satellite that arrived last month.
Work and Energy Physics 1. The Purpose of a Force  The application of a force on an object is done with the goal of changing the motion of the object.
Ch. 4 – Energy I. Energy:The ability to cause a change!
Energy in Motion 8SCIENCE. How is energy related to motion? Energy of matter in motion is called kinetic energy – Energy is the ability to cause a change.
Making Sense of the Universe Understanding Motion, Energy, and Gravity.
Chapter 4c Making Sense of the Universe: Understanding Motion, Energy, and Gravity “ If I have seen farther than others, it is because I have stood on.
ICP “Work, Energy and Momentum”. NGSS HS-PS3-1 Create a computational model to calculate the change in the energy of one component in a system when the.
Work and Energy Energy. Kinetic Energy Kinetic energy – energy of an object due to its motion Kinetic energy depends on speed and mass Kinetic energy.
Energy – the ability to do work W = Fd = m a d V f 2 = V i 2 + 2a  x V f 2 - V i 2 = + 2a  x V f 2 - V i 2 = a  x 2.
Introductory Physics. How we describe motion Speed – how fast something is moving Velocity – speed and direction Acceleration – change in velocity Acceleration.
Energy. KEY CONCEPTS How are energy and work related? What factors does the kinetic energy of an object depend on? How is gravitational potential energy.
Work = work is done when a net force on an object causes it to move a distance W = Fd Or Work (measured in joules) = Force (N) times Distance (m) Is work.
STORED ENERGY Wood is stored chemical energy until it is burned and the potential energy is released. A ball held above the ground has potential energy.
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Making Sense of the Universe: Understanding Motion, Energy, and Gravity.
Roller Coaster Physics
Planetary Discovery in the era of Spacecraft Exploration Xi Zhang
KE and PE Practice Quiz Solutions.
Chapter 4 Making Sense of the Universe:
The ability to cause change
Unit 2 Review Questions.
Linear Motion Review Work and Power Forms of Energy
Potential and Kinetic Energy
Key Terms to use in assessment
Chapter 11 Energy and Its Conservation
Conservation of Energy
Energy Conversion and Conservation
4.3 Conservation of Energy
Momentum.
Work, Kinetic Energy, & Potential Energy
Energy comes in many forms: mechanical, electrical , magnetic, solar,
15.1 Energy Conversion and Conservation
Kinetic and Potential Energy
Energy.
Ch 4 Energy Kinetic Energy (KE) – the energy a moving object has because of its motion; depends on mass and speed of object KE = mv2/2 Joule – SI unit.
Ch. 4 – Energy I. Energy: The ability to cause a change!
Presentation transcript:

4.3 Energy and Conservation Laws

Kinetic energy is the energy associated with motion. KE = ½ mv 2 m = mass, v = velocity Types of Energy – Kinetic Energy

Potential Energy is stored energy: Gravitational PE depends on: –object’s mass (m) –Acceleration due to gravity (g) –distance object could fall –PE = mgh Types of Energy – Potential Energy

PE In space, an object or gas cloud has more PE when it is spread out than when it contracts.  A contracting cloud converts gravitational potential energy to thermal energy.

Mass is a form of potential energy A small amount of mass can release a great deal of energy E = mc 2

Radiative Energy – energy from light Types of Energy – Radiative Energy

Conservation of Energy Energy can’t be created or destroyed. It can change form or be exchanged between objects. The total energy content of the Universe was determined in the Big Bang and remains the same today.

KE & GPE for an orbiting body:

Momentum Momentum: a property of moving objects Momentum = mass  velocity A net force changes the momentum of an object

Conservation of Momentum The total momentum of a system can’t change unless an external force is applied Interacting objects exchange momentum through equal and opposite forces

Spinning or orbiting objects have angular momentum Angular momentum = mass x velocity x radius L = m v r

m x v x R= m x V x r Conservation of (angular) momentum: the angular momentum of an object can’t change unless an external twisting force is applied This explains why objects rotate faster as they shrink in radius:

For an orbiting body, this means if r is small, v is big and if r is big, v is small

Feedback: Privacy Policy Feedback
Do Not Sell My Personal Information
About project: SlidePlayer Terms of Service

© 2025 SlidePlayer.com. Inc. All rights reserved.