Civil War Review

Beginnings Sectionalism South –State’s Rights –Constitutionality of Secession –Tariffs –Internal Improvements –National Bank North –Constitutionality of Secession –American System –Southern Conspiracy Fort Sumter 75,000 volunteers

Political Leaders Jefferson Davis –Alexander Stevens –State’s Rights Financing the War Supplying the Troops –Impressment Act 1863 Raising Troops –Conscription Abraham Lincoln –Radical Republicans- Thaddeus Stevens, Charles Sumner, Salmon Chase –Copperheads Northern Peace Democrats George McClellan –Slavery- Border States, Emancipation Proclamation –Enrollment Act –Habeas Corpus- Ex parte Merriman –Election of 1864

Advantages South –Military Leaders –VMI, Citadel, West Point –Cotton –Defensive War North –Industry –Population –Farmland –Federal Government –Railroad –Communication

Strategies South –Defensive War –Win a Battle in the North/Feed Anti-War Sentiment –Cotton Diplomacy –Take Washington D.C. North –Anaconda Plan –Take Richmond

Napoleonic Warfare Defend the High Ground Inward Semi-Circle Continuous- Concentrated Fire Turn the Flanks Coordinated Attack Formations

Battles Fort Sumter- Bloodless beginning to the Bloodiest Conflict in American History, Thomas Jackson gains a nickname 1 st Bull Run- War will last longer than 90 Days/ Not Romanic anymore Valley Campaign- Stonewall Jackson becomes legendary 7 Days- George McClellan, Abraham Lincoln paraphrase “If you are not going to use the army, I would like to borrow it for a while” Antietam- McClellan relieved of Command, Emancipation Proclamation Fredericksburg- Ambrose Burnsides, Chancellorsville- Fighting Joe Hooker Turning Point –Gettysburg- George Meade, Pickett’s Charge 13,000 men over 50% casualties, 160,000 soldiers-51,000 casualties –Vicksburg- Ulysses S. Grant and William T. Sherman- Divides the South Union gains control of Mississippi –Atlanta- Secures Lincoln’s 1864 Election –Petersburg- Trench Warfare Grant vs. Lee –Appomattox- Surrender April 14 th 1865

Weapons Cannon- Matthew, Mark, Luke and John Long Range Artillery Exploding Shells, Hand Grenades Rifles, Shotguns, Handguns Gatlin Gun Blackade Runners Ironclads –Monitor –Merrimack CSS Hunley