January 2011 The earliest known working telescopes appeared in 1608 and are credited to Hans Lippershey. Galileo devoted his time to improving and perfecting the telescope and soon succeeded in producing telescopes of greatly increased power.

February 2011 Credit for the invention of the electric telephone is frequently disputed, and new controversies over the issue have arisen from time- to-time. Charles Bourseul, Antonio Meucci, Johann Philipp Reis, Alexander Graham Bell, and Elisha Gray, amongst others, have all been credited with the telephone's invention.

March 2011 The earliest ancestor of the modern automobile is probably the Fardier, a three-wheeled, steam-powered, 2.3-mph vehicle built in 1771 by Nicolas Joseph Cugnot for the French minister of war. This cumbersome machine was never put into production because it was much slower and harder to operate than a horse-drawn vehicle.

April 2011 In 1440, German inventor Johannes Gutenberg invented a printing press process that, with refinements and increased mechanization, remained the principal means of printing until the late 20th century. The inventor's method of printing from movable type, including the use of metal molds and alloys, a special press, and oil-based inks, allowed for the first time the mass production of printed books.

May 2011 Some of my favorite art comes directly from science. I’m especially fond of microscopes – both as a tool, and as industrial design. They uncover tiny worlds that move largely unseen and were undiscovered until the invention of this device. We can thank Robert Hooke for the Microscope, and for uncovering that tiny world.

June 2011 There is not just one inventor of the computer, as the ideas of many scientists and engineers led to its invention. These ideas were developed in the 1930s and 1940s, mostly independently of each other, in Germany, Great Britain and the USA, and were turned into working machines.

July 2011 DNA profiling is a technique employed by forensic scientists to assist in the identification of individuals by their respective DNA profiles. The DNA profiling technique was first reported in 1984[3] by Sir Alec Jeffrey's at the University of Leicester in England.

August 2011 Electrical phenomena have been studied since antiquity, though advances in the science were not made until the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Practical applications for electricity would not be until the late nineteenth century that engineers were able to put it to industrial and residential use.

September 2011 The invention of the airplane changed the way we travel and also made traveling very comfortable. Airplanes gave us the opportunity to explore different parts of the world. The Wright Brothers from the USA invented the first airplane.

October 2011 The evolution of the rocket has made it an indispensable tool in the exploration of space. For centuries, rockets have provided ceremonial and warfare uses starting with the ancient Chinese, the first to create rockets.

November 2011 The early camera was a little more than a pinhole camera. It was called the Camera Obscure. It was in the early 19th century that an invention named the Camera Lucida was introduced by Cambridge scientist William Hyde Wollaston.

December 2011 Penicillin is a group of antibiotics. Penicillin antibiotics are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases. Penicillin is still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. The discovery of penicillin is attributed to Scottish scientist and Nobel laureate Alexander Fleming in 1928.

Supervisor: Mrs. Nour El Zant