HealthCare Lectures Quiz

What is meant by Micro-organism Many diseases are caused by micro organisms. Microorganisms are living things and they are very very small in size.We can see them only with the help of microscope. They are present every where- in the air, in water, the soil and in the bodies of animal. The micro organisms which cause diseases are called pathogens. However all micro organisms are not pathogenic.

More information on diseases… Epidemic Diseases- When many people in a place get the same disease at the same time, we say that there is an out-break or an epidemic of the disease. Example: Malaria, Typhoid, Cholera, Jaundice Infectious Diseases- The diseases which spread if infected person comes in contact with other are called as infectious diseases. These diseases spread through air, water, food or some insects. When the germs of such diseases enter our body and grow in number we can fall ill.

Germs Spread Diseases The diseases which spread through air are called AIR BORNE diseases. When a person suffering from TB spits or coughs, the germs of this disease spread in the air. Theses germs enter the bodies of nearby people through the air which they breath in. That is why TB patients are kept in isolation. Other diseases like diphtheria also spread through air. The germs of throat diseases spread through air.

Why diseases get spread? Through air diseases get spread Through water diseases get spread Through food diseases get spread Through insects diseases get spread

The spread of diseases through water The diseases which spread through water are called water-borne diseases. The diseases which spread through water are called water-borne diseases. Some diseases spread through water. If the faeces of infected person enters water, the water gets contaminated because of the mixing of germs with water. Some diseases spread through water. If the faeces of infected person enters water, the water gets contaminated because of the mixing of germs with water. Some people use such contaminated water for drinking, making sherbets, ice or fruit juices. Thus the germs in the water enter their body and they are likely to contract the disease. Some people use such contaminated water for drinking, making sherbets, ice or fruit juices. Thus the germs in the water enter their body and they are likely to contract the disease. e.g. Jaundice, typhoid, cholera, polio, diarrhoea etc e.g. Jaundice, typhoid, cholera, polio, diarrhoea etc

The spread of diseases through food The food gets contaminated mainly because of flies or dust. When flies come in contact with the faces of people suffering from diseases of intestines, the germs in the faces stick to the legs and body of the flies. If these flies sit on the uncovered food, the germs enter the food and contaminate it. Soil also contains many germs and they are blown into the air along with the dust particles due to wind. When these dust particles settle on food, it is contaminated.

Spread of diseases through food-2 When the people suffering from intestinal diseases don’t wash their hands clean after going to the toilet, the germs of the disease are present on their hands and under their nails. If these people cook, serve or handle the unpacked or uncovered food, the germs will enter the food. For Example - diarrhoea

The spread of diseases by insects Some diseases spread by insects. We know that Malaria spreads by the female of anopheles mosquito. When a mosquito bites or sucks the blood of malaria patient, the malaria germs in that person’s body enters the mosquito’s body. When this mosquito bites another person, the germs enter the person’s body and he gets infected by the same disease. Along with the mosquitoes, fleas and some other insects also spread diseases.

What are contagious diseases? The diseases which spread through direct contact are called contagious diseases. The diseases which spread through direct contact are called contagious diseases. These diseases spread if we use the clothes or other belongings of the person suffering from disease. These diseases spread if we use the clothes or other belongings of the person suffering from disease. E.g. scabies, ringworm etc E.g. scabies, ringworm etc

Q.1 What are Micro organisms? A) Living things B) Non-living things

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Q.2 Diarrhoea spreads through ---- A) Air B) Food

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Q.3 Handling food with unclean hands can spread diseases A) True B) False

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Q.4 This disease gets spread by Mosquitoes A) TB B) Malaria

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Q.5 The diseases spread through water are called --- A) Air borne diseases B) Water borne diseases

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