Warm-Up Questions 1.) Why did support grow in the United States for building a large, modern navy in the late 1800’s? a.) To protect United States from invasionb.) To conquer Latin American countries c.) To conquer islands in the Pacificd.) To avoid being shut out of foreign markets 2.) How did the United States cause an economic crisis in Cuba? a.) It passed a tariff on sugarb.) It prevented trade with Spain c.) It blockaded the islandd.) It withdrew American investments 3.) What status do the Philippines have now? a.) It is an American protectorateb.) It is an American commonwealth c.) It is an independent countryd.) It is an unincorporated United States territory 4.) According to the treaty that ended the Spanish-American war, what would the United States do? a.) Annex Guam, Puerto Rico, and Cubab.) Free Cuba, and annex Guam and Puerto Rico c.) Free Guam and Cuba and annex Puerto Ricod.) Free Guam, Puerto Rico, and Cuba 5.) What fueled American support for the rebels in Cuba? a.) The desire to protect American sugar interests on the island b.) Popular interest in starting an American empire by taking control of Cuba c.) Sensational stories published by rival newspapers d.) The fear of having a Spanish colony so close to the United States

A World Power Identify the areas of United States military, economic, and political involvement and influence Describe how the policies and actions of the United States government impacted the affairs of other countries

Theodore Roosevelt Vice President for William McKinley in 1900 Becomes president when William McKinley was assassinated. McKinley was shot on September 6, 1901 inside the Temple of Music on the grounds of the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York and died 8 days later from gangrene caused by the bullet wounds. McKinley was shaking hands with the public when he was shot by Leon Czolgosz, an anarchist. Roosevelt is a major Imperialist Square Deal - Reform plan for problems created by industrialization

Nobel Peace Prize Theodore Roosevelt won this prestigious award in 1906 Won for negotiating peace in the Russo-Japanese War – Negotiated peace between Japan and Russia

Foreign Policy Changes Roosevelt Corollary - The corollary to the Monroe Doctrine that was created by Theodore Roosevelt in his 1904 State of the Union Address. It states that the United States will intervene in conflicts between European Nations and Latin American countries to enforce legitimate claims of the European powers, rather than having the Europeans press their claims directly. Monroe Doctrine was the basis of this policy United States will patrol and protect Latin America Example of Roosevelt Corollary in effect: The United States assumed the responsibility for collection custom tariffs in the Dominican Republic using the Marines. Big Stick Policy – Theodore Roosevelt’s foreign policy – ‘Speak softly, and carry a big stick” – The idea of negotiating peacefully, but simultaneously threatening with the "big stick“ (military)

Great White Fleet Great White Fleet (America’s “Big Stick”) – Popular nickname for the United States Navy battle fleet that completed a circumnavigation of the globe from December 16, 1907 to February 22, It consisted of 16 battleships divided into two squadrons, along with various escorts. Roosevelt sought to demonstrate growing American military power and blue-water navy capability.

Territories Philippines – War erupts over Philippines desire to be independent (3 years) – William H. Taft was first governor – Becomes independent Nation, 1948  Puerto Rico – Became a territory of the United States and its people became citizens in 1917

Panama Canal The United States wanted a canal because they wanted to be a world power and this would benefit them economically. It would save time, distance, and money in travels between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans The French started the canal but stopped, and Panama was a colony of Columbia and they were not going to allow the United States to take over the project. When Colombia rejected the United States’ plans to build a canal across the Isthmus of Panama, the United States supported a revolution that led to the independence of Panama in The United States took control of the canal and five miles on each side of it in It was known as the “Canal Zone” and was occupied by the United States and split Panama in half. It took 10 years to build the canal (Finished in 1914)

Panama Canal

Impact United States is now a world power Debates over the moral and ethical idea of imperialism Anti-American feelings around the world - Philippines (Wants to be free) - Latin America (Looks at United States as “Bully of the North”)

Positives of Imperialism – Made the United States a World Power – Construction of the Panama Canal. – The independence of Panama, Philippines and Cuba. – Significantly increased transportation and communication facilities (control of world-wide areas need fast transport and communication) – Brought more modern civilization to undeveloped areas, particularly better sanitation and a higher standard of living. – Provided competition for Germany, England, France, Belgium, Italy, and Japan. Negatives of Imperialism – Took advantage of weaker countries – Promoted the idea that the United States is better than other countries and other countries need to do things the way that the United States does – Went against the foundation of American Society and the idea of liberty – New religions were forced upon people and native beliefs were discredited. – Most traditional culture and languages were simply wiped away. – Natural resources were exploited, without giving actual due.

Taft’s Diplomacy Dollar Diplomacy – “Dollars for bullets” - the United States would use financial policies to influence other countries Payne-Aldrich Tariff – Hardly cut tariffs at all

Wilson’s Diplomacy Missionary or moral diplomacy Wilson’s Missionary Diplomacy -U.S. refuses to negotiate with “illegal” governments Mexican Revolution – Pancho Villa Mexican Revolutionist lead a raid in Columbus, New Mexico – President Wilson sent General John Pershing to lead an expedition to try and find Pancho Villa, but was ultimately unsuccessful.

Assignment “A World Power” Worksheet American Imperialism Map Activity Vocabulary Words The Roosevelt Corollary Dollar Diplomacy Big Stick Policy Payne-Aldrich Tariff