Balancing Nationalism and Sectionalism Chapter 7
Another Revolution Affects America Manufacturing moved from to –Power-driven machinery –Specialized workers –Social and economic reorganization Started in
IR in USA established first textile mill in America Francis Cabot, Nathan Appleton, and Patrick Tracy Jackson opened mills (“Father of the Factory System”)
Early Textile Loom
The Lowell/Waltham System: First Dual-Purpose Textile Plant Francis Cabot Lowell’s town
Lowell in 1850
Lowell Mill
Starting for Lowell
Lowell Boarding Houses
Lowell Mills Time Table Average hour work day (12+ hour day)
New England Dominance in Textiles
New England Textile Centers: 1830s
Two Economic Systems Develop –Invested more money into manufacturing –Farms were more subsistence than profit- driven Climate prevented cash-crops from being profitable –Less demand for slavery –Growth of + = “ ” Plantation slave system spread and grew
Eli Whitney’s Gun Factory Interchangeable Parts* Rifle
"The American System" 1815 Madison urged Congress to develop a plan to unify the country American System: –A, to provide easy and abundant credit –A (20-25%) The Tariff of 1816 –1st protective tariff –A Funded from tariff *President Madison vetoed the bill to give states aid for infrastructure –Felt intrastate projects were unconstitutional Would unite the US and make it self- sufficient
Cumberland (National Road), 1811
Conestoga Covered Wagons Conestoga Trail, 1820s
Erie Canal, 1820s Begun in 1817; completed in 1825
Erie Canal System
Robert Fulton & the Steamboat 1807: The Clermont
Principal Canals in 1840
Inland Freight Rates Be careful reading the Y axis!
Electoral vote: 183 to 34 States carried: 16 to 3 Popular vote: 76,592 to 34,740 Percentage: 68.2% to 30.9% 1816
The So-Called Era of Good Feelings The time during the administrations of President was known as the “ ” –political parties were getting along Democratic- Republican Party dominant
The Panic of 1819 and The Curse of Hard Times The was the first financial panic since President Washington took office Main cause was in frontier lands –“ ” western banks The BUS became a “financial devil” to western farmers –Foreclosed many farms