Biological Systems in Humans Jason Yang For Exercise Science Click to begin

Click on a Biological System to learn more about it: Circulatory IntegumentarySkeletalDigestive Urinary RespiratoryMuscularNervousImmune Review Question

Circulatory System Quick facts about the circulatory system: Also called cardiovascular system. Functions include circulating blood and nutrients such as amino acids, electrolytes, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and hormones. Organs include the heart, blood, arteries, veins, and other secondary organs which serve various secondary function such as cleansing the blood. Back to main menu

Integumentary System Quick facts about the integumentary system: System that protects the body from various outside threats. The skin is the primary organ in this system with secondary organs such as hair, nails, and various glands which maintain homeostasis. Functions include protection from bacteria, viruses, pathogens; regulation of water loss/gain; houses receptors for touch; and provides a cushion for bones and vital organs. Back to main menu

Skeletal System Quick facts about the Skeletal system: The skeletal system provides structure and support for our body. Also serves as attachment points for muscles. This system includes the bones, cartilages, ligaments, tendons, and teeth. Ligaments provide support between bones while tendons connect bone to muscles. There are roughly 206 bones in the human body. Long bones such as the femur, produce erythrocytes in their medullary cavity. Back to main menu

Digestive System Quick facts about the digestive system: This system, as it name suggests, digests the food we consume and break them down mechanically and chemically. This is a very complicated process that takes hours. Organs and glands include: The mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, salivary gland, liver, gallbladder, and the pancreas all play a role in disgestion. Back to main menu

Urinary System Quick facts about the urinary system: This system regulates fluid balance, electrolyte levels, regulate blood pH, and urine secretion. Organs in this system include the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra. Nephrologist are urinary system specialist. Nephrons are main functional unit with millions in each kidneys. Back to main menu

Muscular System Quick facts about the muscular system: Functions of this system include movement, protection, assistance of blood flow, produce heat, and stability/posture. Three distinct types of muscles: Cardiac, smooth, and skeletal muscle. Cardiac muscles are connected to one another by intercalated disc which allow for simultaneous contraction. Smooth muscles are non-voluntary whereas skeletal muscles are. There are over 600 muscles in the human body. Back to main menu

Nervous System Quick facts about the nervous system: The nervous system controls and regulates different process in the body to maintain homeostasis. Divided into central nervous system, CNS, and the peripheral nervous system or PNS. The CNS consist of the brain and the spinal cord unlike the PNS which many consist of nerves which connect the CNS to various parts of the body. Complex system consisting of neurons and glial cells at the cellular level. Range of shapes and function, with many not fully understood. Back to main menu

Immune System Quick facts about the immune system: System within the body which defends against various disease-causing pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, and worms through different processes. Immunity is classified into the subcategories of adaptive and innate immunity. Innate or nonspecific system, attacks all foreign pathogens as compared to adaptive immunity with targets specific pathogens. Cells of the innate system include mast cell, phagocytes, basophils, eosinophils, natural-killer cells, and T-cell. Adaptive system cells act as vaccines and target known pathogens. Back to main menu

Respiratory System Quick facts about the respiratory system: This system has various organs which contribute to the process of respiration. Respiration in organism involve exchanging carbon dioxide for oxygen. Organs in this system include the trachea, lungs, bronchi, bronchioles, alveolar sacs, alveoli, and diaphragm. Respiration is controlled by the pressure in the thorax region; when pressure is greater than atmospheric or 760 mmHg, expiration occurs and inspiration is the opposite. Back to main menu

Review Question! Which organ system produces the most abundant cells in the human body(erythrocytes, or red blood cells)? A.DigestiveDigestive B.CirculatoryCirculatory C.SkeletalSkeletal

While the digestive system contains many blood storing organs, it is receives this blood from another system. Go back and try again. Back to review question

The circulatory system circulates the blood to organs but doesn’t actually produce the blood. Go back and try again. Back to review question

That is correct! Click to continue The skeletal system produces the erythrocyte in their medullary cavity.

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