October 07, 2014 Agenda 1.Roll 2.Pass out Notes for Chapter 7 Section 1 3.Start PowerPoint Chapter 7 Section 1 4. Possible Video

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Subject Areas: Earthquakes EQ: What are Earthquakes? Questions: 1.Where do earthquakes come from and what causes them? 2.What are the different types of earthquakes? 3.How do earthquakes travel through the Earth?

What are Earthquakes? A person who studies earthquakes is called a seismologist. Earthquakes are complex and present many questions for seismologists. There is much that is unknown about earthquakes.

Where do Earthquakes Occur? Most earthquakes occur near the edges of tectonic plates. Tectonic plates move in different directions and at different speeds. As a result of these movements faults are formed. A fault is a break in the Earth’s crust along which blocks of crust slide against each other. Partner Share: Where do earthquakes occur? The place where earthquakes occur is …

What Causes Earthquakes? As tectonic plates push, pull, or scrape against each other they build up stress. This stress causes the rock in the plates to deform. Deformation is the change in the shape of rock in response to stress.

What Causes Earthquakes? Elastic Deformation is where rock will stretch to a point and then break. Like a rubber band it can be stretched to a point before it will break. When it breaks energy is released. The rock in the Earth will stretch and break, resulting in an earthquake.

What Causes Earthquakes? Elastic Rebound is the sudden return of elastically deformed rock to its undeformed shape. This occurs when more stress is applied to rock than the rock can withstand.

Are all Earthquakes the Same? Plate MotionProminent fault type Earthquake characteristics Transformstrike-slip faultmoderate, shallow Convergentreverse faultstrong, deep Divergentnormal faultweak, shallow Movie This is found on page 168 in your textbook!!!!!

Transform motion occurs where two plates slip past each other. Transform motion creates strike-slip faults. Blocks of crust slide past each other along strike-slip faults. This motion produces moderate, shallow earthquakes. Are all Earthquakes the Same?

Convergent motion occurs where two plates push together. Convergent motion creates reverse faults. Blocks of crust are pushed together slide vertically along reverse faults. This motion produces strong deep earthquakes. Are all Earthquakes the Same?

Divergent motion occurs where two plates pull away from each other. Divergent motion causes normal faults. Blocks of crust are pulled away from each other and slide vertically along normal faults. This motion produces weak, shallow earthquakes. Are all Earthquakes the Same? Partner Share: What are three plate motions that cause earthquakes? The three plate motions that cause earthquakes are …

Partner Share: What plate motion causes the weakest earthquakes ? The plate motion that causes the weakest earthquakes is… Partner Share: What plate motion causes the strongest earthquakes ? The plate motion that causes the strongest earthquakes is… Plate MotionProminent fault type Earthquake characteristics Transformstrike-slip faultmoderate, shallow Convergentreverse faultstrong, deep Divergentnormal faultweak, shallow

How do Earthquakes Travel? The energy released when a rock springs back is called Seismic waves. Seismic waves are waves of energy that travel through the Earth. Link>>

Body Waves Waves that travel through the Earth’s interior are called body waves. There are two types of body waves; P waves and S waves.

Surface Waves Waves that travel along the Earth’s surface are called Surface waves. These waves will travel at different speeds and move the material that they move through differently.

How do Earthquakes Travel? P is for primary. P waves travel through solids, liquids, and gasses and are the fastest seismic waves. These are body waves. They are so fast they can travel through any part of the earth. They are also the first waves to be detected.

S is for secondary. S waves are the second fastest waves and can shear rock back and forth. These are also body waves. They cannot travel through liquid. They are slower and arrive after the P waves. How do Earthquakes Travel?

Surface waves move the ground up and down in circles as the wave travels along the surface. Surface waves move more slowly than body waves but are more destructive. People have reported feeling like they are on a roller coaster when an earthquake occurs. More damage occurs from surface waves. How do Earthquakes Travel?

Forces in the Environment Questions for your Science Notebook Engineering Earthquakes What did you know? Skip 5 lines What did you learn? Skip 5 lines What do you want to know? Skip 5 lines