“The School of Athens,” – by Raphael. Identify the key contributions made to civilization by the Ancient Greeks in the Golden Age of Greece. Identify.

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Presentation transcript:

“The School of Athens,” – by Raphael

Identify the key contributions made to civilization by the Ancient Greeks in the Golden Age of Greece. Identify the contributions made by Pericles to increase democratic values and the beauty of Athens. Identify the following men and their works: Sophocles, Myron, Phidias, Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, Herodotus, Thucydides, Archimedes, Pythagoras, Euclid, Eratosthenes, and Hippocrates.

The Greeks win the Persian Wars – effect: Greece (Athens) enjoys a Golden Age of prosperity in all areas.

General – ruled Athens during its Golden Age. He had 3 Goals for Athens: Strengthen democracy, strengthen Athens and beautify Athens. Bust of Pericles

1.Strengthen Democracy: Pay officials who are elected to serve. Some officials chosen by lot. Pericles addresses the Assembly of Athens.

1. (Continued) Strengthen Democracy: Direct Democracy – Citizens vote directly on laws and rules.

2.Strengthen Athenian Empire: Built a strong navy Encouraged overseas trade

3.Glorify and beautify Athens Tax dollars used to hire Phidias and other artists to build the Parthenon.

Classical values – order, balance, and proportion.

Phidias – most famous sculptor. Designed the Parthenon and the statue of Athena. Statue of Athena

Statue of Zeus

Acropolis – an isolated hill that can be fortified against attack.

Designed by Phidias to glorify Athens and Athena.

Myron – sculptor who designed the “Discus thrower.”

Ionic Erectheum - Parthenon Doric

There were two types of plays, tragedy and comedy. Use of masks and the chorus. Each year, an award and money was given for the best play.

Sophocles- Great writer of tragic plays. Oedipus Rex Antigone.

Euripedes- Wrote Medea Aeschylus Aristophanes.

Greatest of all philosophers. Taught Plato. “Know thyself” Socratic Method

Student of Socrates. School – the Academy. Wrote the Republic.

Plato believed that a philosopher- king was the best type of ruler.

Philosopher Taught Alexander the Great. Started a school called the Lyceum.

Recorded the Persian War. Considered the 1 st Historian.

Historian who recorded the Peloponnesian War. He also wrote about the plague that hit Athens.

“…men were seized first with intense heat of the head…sneezing, and severe coughing…when it settled in the stomach, vomits of bile ensued…patients died, as most of them did on the seventh or ninth day…” - Excerpts from “The Plague in Athens” by Thucydides in 430 BC.

He discovered pi. Archimedes screw. Formula – surface and volume of a sphere.

The water screw brought water to the surface, enabling farmers to irrigate their crops.

Archimedes designed levers and pulleys. Archimedes and his burning mirrors.

“Give me a place to stand, and I will move the earth.” – Archimedes.

Greek mathematician Measured the diameter of the earth. Did a good deal of work with prime numbers.

“Father of Geometry.” Wrote The Elements. Taught at Alexandria.

A(2) + B(2) = C(2) Pythagorean theorem

“Father of Medicine.” To this day, doctors take the “Hippocratic Oath.”

Games that began around 776 B.C. that prepared men for war. These games were held every 4 years in Olympia and they were for men only. These games honored the god Zeus.

Boxing Wrestling Javelin and discus toss. Foot races

Sculpture Poetry and Drama Philosophy Math and Science Architecture

Three events will lead to the downfall of the Golden Age of Greece. Yet this time still remains one of the greatest times of innovation in the history of the world.