Gibson’s Bottom-up Theory

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Presentation transcript:

Gibson’s Bottom-up Theory

Gibson Gibson proposed a bottom-up theory of perception. This is a theory based on nature There is no need to use experience to interpret information, there is enough information in the data coming in to our senses to enable understanding of the environment Gibson proposed that the pattern of light reaching the eye could be thought of as an optic array. This contains all the information we need to make sense of the world. Important information is provided by the movement of the observer. The optic array contains invariant (stays the same) information about depth, location and even function of objects.

Component - INVARIANTS This invariant information leads directly to perception (being able to see). (i.e. there is no need to interpret the information to make sense of it) Gibson suggested that the invariant information came in a number of forms. For example the horizon ratio and texture gradients

Component Optic Flow This is the change in light patterns that reach us when we move. As we move forward objects move past us. How the objects move provide us with information about our speed and direction. Bicycle ride Optic flow also includes motion parallax that gives us depth information. As we move objects appear to move past us. The speed that they seem to move gives us information about how far away they are. The further away they are the slower they move. Motion parallax

Affordances Gibson suggested that objects could ‘tell’ us what they are for. His suggestion was that our visual system has evolved to inform us directly of what the function of an object is, e.g. a chair is for sitting on. Or a chair ‘affords’ sitting down.

Check your learning Can you now fill in your revision notes page on this theory? Could you answer an exam question for 4 points/5 points/6 points?