 Big Idea 4 Biological Interactions

Essential Questions  How do interactions between and within populations influence patterns of species distribution and abundance?  How do living things use energy and matter to survive in an ecosystem?  How do humans impact the biodiversity of ecosystems?  What role does the environment play in sustaining homeostasis in biological systems?

Learning Objectives  Describe a scientific hypothesis about the origin of life on Earth. [LO 1.27, SP 1.2]  Evaluate scientific questions based on hypotheses about the origin of life on Earth. [LO 1.28, SP 3.3]  Describe the reasons for revisions of scientific hypotheses of the origin of life on Earth. [LO 1.29, SP 6.3]  Evaluate scientific hypotheses about the origin of life on Earth. [LO 1.30, SP 6.5]  Evaluate the accuracy and legitimacy of data to answer scientific questions about the origin of life on Earth. [LO 1.31, SP 4.4]  Justify the selection of geological, physical, and chemical data that reveal early Earth conditions. [LO 1.32, SP 4.1]

Learning Objectives  Construct an explanation of how viruses introduce genetic variation in host organisms. [LO 3.29, SP 6.2]  Use representations and appropriate models to describe how viral replication introduces genetic variation in the viral population. [LO 3.30, SP 1.4]

Learning Objectives  Connect how organisms use negative feedback to maintain their internal environments. [LO 2.16, SP 7.2]  Evaluate data that show the effect(s) of changes in concentrations of key molecules on negative feedback mechanisms.  [LO 2.17, SP 5.3]  Make predictions about how organisms use negative feedback mechanisms to maintain their internal environments. [LO 2.18, SP 6.4]  Make predictions about how positive feedback mechanisms amplify activities and processes in organisms based on scientific theories and models. [LO 2.19, SP 6.4]  Justify that positive feedback mechanisms amplify responses in organisms. [LO 2.20, SP 6.1]

Learning Objectives  Justify the selection of the kind of data needed to answer scientific questions about the relevant mechanism that organisms use to respond to changes in their external environment. [LO 2.21, SP 4.1]  Design a plan for collecting data to support the scientific claim that the timing and coordination of physiological events involve regulation. [LO 2.35, SP 4.2]  Justify scientific claims with evidence to show how timing and coordination of physiological events involve regulation. [LO 2.36, SP 6.1]  Use representations or models to analyze quantitatively and qualitatively the effects of disruptions to dynamic homeostasis in biological systems. [LO 2.28, SP 1.4]

Learning Objectives  Connect differences in the environment with the evolution of homeostatic mechanisms. [LO 2.27, SP 7.1]  Explain how the distribution of ecosystems changes over time by identifying large-scale events that have resulted in these changes in the past. [LO 4.20, SP 6.3]  Analyze data to identify phylogenetic patterns or relationships, showing that homeostatic mechanisms reflect both continuity due to common ancestry and change due to evolution in different environments. [LO 2.26, SP 5.1]

Day 1  Required Readings:  Chapter 26, 19  Bozeman Videos:

Activity 1  Propose a hypothesis about how the Earth formed  Write a description of early Earth using biotic and abiotic factors   Describe and evaluate other hypotheses regarding the origin of earth  Time: 45 minutes

Activity 2  Read the article “Genetic Variation Increases HIV Risk in Africans” (Science Daily)  The article looks at an explanation of how viral replication can introduce genetic variation in a viral population  Write a one-page summary explaining how viruses introduce genetic variation into host organisms  Time: 45 minutes

Day 2  Required Readings:  Chapter 19  Bozeman Videos:

Activity 1  Create a Venn diagram that describes the differences between viruses and human cells  Are viruses living?  How is genetic variation incorporated into hosts?  What role do viruses play in a biological system?  Share your ideas with the rest of the class  Time: 20 minutes

Activity 2  Go to the computer lab to research and analyze articles found at   Your goal is to prove or disprove the idea that antiviral drugs work  Work with a partner to research the topic and create a Powerpoint presentation. your presentation to me.  Explain why it is difficult which strain should be produced with antiviral drugs  Time: 60 minutes

Day 3  Required Readings:  Chapter 39, 40, 45, 55

Activity 1  Any problems from last lesson?  Do you know what work you are required to hand in?  Time: 10 minutes

Activity 2  Create a diagram of an organism of your choice that shows how the organism maintains homeostasis  Include the following:  Control center, sensor, stimulus, effect, normal temperature, negative feedback, and positive feedback  Include annotations that explain how organisms use negative feedback to maintain their internal environments  Time: 30 minutes

Activity 3  Choose a disease that affects a particular body system (i.e. Parkinson’s, asthma, cancer (various), HIV/AIDS, ulcers, diabetes, etc.)  What homeostatic mechanism does it affect?  Make predictions regarding how pharmaceutical companies will need to design drugs that will fight the disease based on the negative feedback mechanisms the organism has  Report this prediction to the class  Time: 45 minutes (30 minutes research, 15 minutes presentation)

Day 4 (60 min) Library  Work with a partner and choose 2 environmental disasters to explain how the distribution of changes in the ecosystem over time may affect changes in the future  Hurricanes, floods, droughts, oil spills, earthquakes, tsunamis, disease epidemics, etc.  Create a visual representation (i.e. poster, powerpoint, model, etc.) showing the before and after effects, and how it relates to evolution

Day 5 Computer lab – 3 activities  Use the following site to see how the birth control pill works  You will not be able to view the video, but there is a text only version   Use note cards to explain that timing and coordination of certain events are necessary for normal development and are regulated by multiple mechanisms  How is the menstrual cycle affected by the contraceptive pill?  Create a table to represent the different hormones that are released with and without the pill  How does the pill disrupt the dynamic homeostatic clock in a female reproductive system?

Activity 2  Find a research article online that looks at the effects of hormone replacement drugs  Analyze the article, focusing on the evaluation of the collected data that supports the claim that timing and coordination of physiological events are regulated by multiple mechanisms

Activity 3  Choose a physiological event in a plant or animal  Eg. Phototropism, photoperiodism in plants  Eg. Circadian rhythms, diurnal/nocturnal cycles, jet lag, seasonal responses, pheromones in animals  Create a comic strip that details the timing and coordination of your chosen event

Day 6  Required Readings:  Chapters 48, 49

Activity 1  Go over previous 2 lessons  Time to complete work & present activities you were working on  Time: 20 minutes

Activity 2  Create a diagram to show how a person removes their hand from a hot stove when the touch it  Include the following terms in your diagram:  Stimulus/sensory input  Response/motor output  Cell body, dendrite, axon  Neurotransmitter  Synapse  Time: 20 minutes

Activity 3  Create a Venn diagram to show the differences between action potentials and graded potentials  Time: 10 minutes

Activity 4  Choose one of the following disorders:  Schizophrenia, Depression, Drug Addiction, Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s  Explain what it is  How does it affect the nervous system?  Are there drugs/therapies to control it?  What side effects do these drugs/therapies have?  What percent of the population does it effect?  Time: 30 minutes

Day 7  Required Readings:  Lab 10: Energy Dynamics

Day 8

Day 9 (60 min)

Day 10

Day 11

Day 12

Day 13

Day 14 (60 min)

Day 15

Day 16

Day 17

Day 18

Day 19 (60 min)

Day 20