Chapter 5-4

Empirical Formula This is the simplest formula with the lowest ratio of elements. Ex: C 6 H 12 O 6 (the molecular formula for glucose) the empirical formula would be CH 2 O

Organic Chemistry Organic means Living Every living thing contains 4 elements –Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Nitrogen

Organic Chemistry They are composed of Covalent bonds where the electrons are shared. The simplest forms of organic bonds are called hydrocarbons and they only contain hydrogen and carbon

Carbon contain only 4 electrons so they can form 4 bonds between themselves and other elements. The simplest hydrocarbon contains 1 carbon and 4 hydrogens and is called Methane CH 4 Look prefix table on page 167

Hydrocarbons Covalent bonds Single bonds double bonds triple bonds alk a nealkenealkyne Hydrocarbons Clip

Hydrocarbons H - C Covalent bonds H – C Single bonds double bonds triple bonds alk a nealkenealkyne Hydrocarbons Clip

Hydrocarbons Covalent bonds Single bonds double bonds triple bonds alk a nealkenealkyne EthaneEthene Acetylene Hydrocarbons Clip