+ SPECIFIC IMMUNITY Emily Mace and Meg Muths Block 1

+ HELPER T CELL “Alarm system” Activates most b-cells Uses MHC II biology/immunology/v/helper-t-cells

+ B CELL Membrane Bound antibodies Most are t-cell dependent Uses MHC II biology/immunology/v/helper-t-cells

+ CYTOTOXIC T CELL Aids in destruction of diseased cells “Self assisted destruction” biology/immunology/v/cytotoxic-t-cell-mhc-i-complexes

+ MHC I & II Puts an antigen on display MHC I=CYTOTOXIC T-CELLS MHC II=HELPER T-CELLS AND B-CELLS biology/immunology/v/cytotoxic-t-cell-mhc-i-complexes biology/immunology/v/helper-t-cells

+ CELL SIGNALING Cytokines originate in helper t-cells and activate b-cells biology/immunology/v/helper-t-cells

+ DISEASED STATE HIV—Human Immunodeficiency Virus Attacks t-cells and rapidly replicates Can be contracted multiple ways—not airborne Sexually, drug injection, pregnancy, occupational exposure Does not live long outside of the body

+ A DAY IN THE LIFE A student at GHS infected with HIV would face numerous challenges Frequent nurse visits to receive meds Can cause nausea & vomiting, therefore making it difficult to eat & remain Immunocompromised therefore must be very careful to avoid contracting viruses that may be airborne or spread through direct contact Lack of self confidence due to rashes or lesions that may occur secondary to the HIV virus

+ HOMEOSTASIS Specific immunity cells help the body maintain homeostasis by fighting off disease and removing foreign entities. PEARSON BIOLOGY EIGHTH EDITION

+ EVOLUTION Lymphocytes (immune cells) have evolved through many different receptors and antibodies to accommodate the constantly changing strains of antigens

+ THINGS TO REMEMBER SPECIFIC RECEPTORS/ANTIBODIES ONCE ACTIVATED, ALL PRODUCE MEMORY & EFFECTOR CELLS HELPER T-CELLS & B-CELLS=PREVENTION (OUTSIDE CELL) CYTOTOXIC T-CELLS=TREATMENT (INSIDE CELL)