2-1 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

2-2 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Chapter 2 Getting to Know Your Audience and Situation This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are prohibited by law: any public performance or display, including transmission of any image over a network; preparation of any derivative work, including the extraction, in whole or in part, of any images; any rental, lease, or lending of the program. Presentation Package Prepared By: Erin E. Baird University of Oklahoma

2-3 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Overview WHY DO YOU NEED TO KNOW YOUR AUDIENCE AND SITUATION? WHAT DO YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT YOUR AUDIENCE? WHAT SPECIFIC TRAITS DO YOU NEED TO INVESTIGATE? WHAT DO YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT THE SPEAKING SITUATION? HOW CAN YOU ADAPT TO YOUR AUDIENCE AND SITUATION DURING THE SPEECH? HOW DO YOU ANALYZE THE AUDIENCE AND SITUATION?

2-4 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Why Do You Need to Know Your Audience and Situation? Make better speech decisions Foster audience attention and goodwill

2-5 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Build Speaking Confidence Speaking competence Identity knowledge Mindfulness Negotiation skill

2-6 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved What Do You Need to Know About Your Audience? BELIEFS: TRUE AND FALSE VALUES: RIGHT AND WRONG, GOOD AND BAD ATTITUDES: LIKES AND DISLIKES

2-7 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved What Specific Traits Do You Need To Investigate?

2-8 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved GENDER AGE SEXUAL ORIENTATION HOUSEHOLD TYPE EDUCATION OCCUPATION INCOME DISABILITIES Personal Traits BEWARE OF STEREOTYPING!

2-9 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Generational Trends

2-10 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Psychological Traits: Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Food, water, and air Clothing and shelter Belonging with others Respect from others and ourselves Personal identity, independence, happiness, and potential

2-11 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Social Traits Choice Birth Group associations Race Ethnicity Culture

2-12 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved U.S. Population Diversity

2-13 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Cultural Tendencies High Power vs. Low Power Individualist vs. Collectivist Competitive vs. Nurturing High-uncertainty Avoidance vs. Low-uncertainty Avoidance Long-term Orientation vs. Short-term Orientation Hofstede's Dimensions of Culture

2-14 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved What Do You Need To Know About The Speaking Situation?

2-15 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved PLACE AND AUDIENCE SIZE: WHERE AND HOW MANY TIME: WHEN AND HOW LONG? OCCASION: WHY IS YOUR AUDIENCE GATHERED? The Speaking Situation

2-16 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved How Do You Analyze the Audience and Speaking Situation?

2-17 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved STOP. THINK. BRAINSTORM. How do you locate audience and situation information?

2-18 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Open-ended questions Closed-ended questions Basic Interview Guidelines

2-19 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Use familiar language Ask demographic questions Avoid assumptions about respondents Avoid biased or leading in questions Use neutral responses Ask only one thing per question Use a clean, consistent format Surveys

2-20 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Credible websites Brochures Newspapers Magazines Opinion polls Government documents Books Encyclopedias Research

2-21 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved How Can You Adapt to Your Audience During the Speech? Adapt to External Noise: Environmental barriers Linguistic barriers Adapt to Internal Noise: Physiological barriers Psychological barriers

2-22 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Speech: Benefits of Carpooling Click on the screenshot to view a video on the benefits of carpooling.

2-23 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Which of these values is part of an audience's identity? Dreams What Do You Think ? Attitudes Beliefs Truths Values

2-24 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Why do you need to know your audience? What Do You Think? Foster their attention and goodwill Help you feel more confident Help you make better speech decisions

2-25 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved "Do you smoke?" is an example of a _____. What Do You Think? Closed-ended question

2-26 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved