1 Public & Private Fire Protection Unit 2 Chapter 5 & 6

2 Introduction n Private National & International Fire Organizations n Federal Organizations n State Organizations n Local Organizations n Fire Department Resources

3 National & International Organizations n NFPA –What is the NFPA? n National Fire Protection Association –When and why was it formed? –What does the NFPA do? n Develop standards n Develop educational programs

National & International Organizations National & International Organizations Association of American Railroads (AAR) Association of American Railroads (AAR) American Fire Sprinkler Association (AFSA) American Fire Sprinkler Association (AFSA) American National Standards American National Standards – Institute (ANSI) American Petroleum Institute (API) American Petroleum Institute (API) American Red Cross American Red Cross 4

5 National & International Organizations n ANSI –American National Standards Institute –Primary task is to establish standards for standards making organizations n Also develop some of their own standards

National & International Organizations National & International Organizations American Rescue Dog Association (ARDA) American Rescue Dog Association (ARDA) Automatic Fire Alarm Association (AFAA) Automatic Fire Alarm Association (AFAA) Board of Certified Safety Professionals (BCSP) Board of Certified Safety Professionals (BCSP) Building Officials and Code Administrators (BOCA) Building Officials and Code Administrators (BOCA) Building and Fire Research Laboratory (BFRL) Building and Fire Research Laboratory (BFRL) 6

National & International Organizations National & International Organizations Chemical Transportation Emergency Center (CHEMTREC) Chemical Transportation Emergency Center (CHEMTREC) Chlorine Emergency Plan (CHLOREP) Chlorine Emergency Plan (CHLOREP) FM Global FM Global Fire Apparatus Manufacturer’s Association (FAMA) Fire Apparatus Manufacturer’s Association (FAMA) 7

8 National & International Organizations n FIRESCOPE –Developed in California –Need to organize command & control of major wildfires –Developed the original ICS n CHEMTREC –Chemical Transportation Emergency Center n Provides advice on handling hazmats n Contacts shipper to get more help

National & International Organizations National & International Organizations National Association of Fire Marshals (NSAFM) National Association of Fire Marshals (NSAFM) FIRESCOPE FIRESCOPE Fire Suppression Systems Association (FSSA) Fire Suppression Systems Association (FSSA) Hazardous Materials Systems, formerly American Association of Railroads Bureau of Explosives Hazardous Materials Systems, formerly American Association of Railroads Bureau of Explosives 9

National & International Organizations National & International Organizations Industrial Risk Insurers (IRI) Industrial Risk Insurers (IRI) Insurance Committee for Arson Control (ICAC) Insurance Committee for Arson Control (ICAC) Insurance Services Office (ISO) Insurance Services Office (ISO) International Association of Arson Investigators (IAAI) International Association of Arson Investigators (IAAI) International Association of Fire Chiefs (IAFC) International Association of Fire Chiefs (IAFC) 10

National & International Organizations National & International Organizations International Association of Fire Chiefs/Metropolitan Section International Association of Fire Chiefs/Metropolitan Section International Association of Fire Chiefs/Western Fire Chiefs Association International Association of Fire Chiefs/Western Fire Chiefs Association International Association of Firefighters (IAFF) International Association of Firefighters (IAFF) International Association for Fire Safety Science (IAFSC) International Association for Fire Safety Science (IAFSC) 11

National & International Organizations National & International Organizations International Fire Code Institute (IFCI) International Fire Code Institute (IFCI) International City/County Management Association (ICMA) International City/County Management Association (ICMA) International Conference of Building Officials (ICBO) International Conference of Building Officials (ICBO) International Fire Service Accreditation Congress (IFSAC ) International Fire Service Accreditation Congress (IFSAC ) 12

National & International Organizations National & International Organizations International Municipal Signal Association (IMSA) International Municipal Signal Association (IMSA) International Rescue and Emergency Care Association (IRECA) International Rescue and Emergency Care Association (IRECA) International Society of Fire Service Instructors (ISFSI) International Society of Fire Service Instructors (ISFSI) Mutual Aid Box Alarm System (MABAS) Mutual Aid Box Alarm System (MABAS) National Association of Emergency Medical Technicians (NAEMT) National Association of Emergency Medical Technicians (NAEMT) 13

National & International Organizations National & International Organizations National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) National Fallen Firefighters Foundation (NFFF) National Fallen Firefighters Foundation (NFFF) National Fire Sprinkler Association (NFSA) National Fire Sprinkler Association (NFSA) National Interagency Incident Management System (NIIMS) National Interagency Incident Management System (NIIMS) National Response Center (NRC National Response Center (NRC 14

National & International Organizations National & International Organizations National Safety Council (NSC) National Safety Council (NSC) National Volunteer Fire Council (NVFC) National Volunteer Fire Council (NVFC) National Wildfire National Wildfire –Coordinating Group (NWCG) Salvation Army Salvation Army 15

National & International Organizations National & International Organizations Society of Fire Protection Engineers (SFPE) Society of Fire Protection Engineers (SFPE) Southern Building Code Congress International (SBCCI) Southern Building Code Congress International (SBCCI) Underwriters Laboratories Inc. (UL) Underwriters Laboratories Inc. (UL) 16

17 FEDERAL ORGANIZATIONS FEDERAL ORGANIZATIONS Department of Defense (DOD) Department of Defense (DOD) Department of Labor (DOL) Department of Labor (DOL) Department of Transportation (DOT) Department of Transportation (DOT) Emergency Management Institute (EMI) Emergency Management Institute (EMI) National Emergency Training Center (NETC ) National Emergency Training Center (NETC )

18 FEDERAL ORGANIZATIONS FEDERAL ORGANIZATIONS National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) National Incident Management System (NIMS) National Incident Management System (NIMS) National Integration Center (NIC) National Integration Center (NIC) National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)

19 FEDERAL ORGANIZATIONS FEDERAL ORGANIZATIONS U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service (USFS) U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service (USFS) U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Department of the Interior – Bureau of Land Management –(BLM)

20 FEDERAL ORGANIZATIONS FEDERAL ORGANIZATIONS U.S. Department of the Interior Park Service (USPS) U.S. Department of the Interior Park Service (USPS) National Firefighting Equipment System (NFES) National Firefighting Equipment System (NFES) National Interagency Fire Center (NIFC) National Interagency Fire Center (NIFC) Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) United States Fire Administration (USFA) United States Fire Administration (USFA)

21 FEDERAL ORGANIZATIONS FEDERAL ORGANIZATIONS National Fire Academy (NFA) National Fire Academy (NFA) Fire and Emergency Services Higher Education (FESHE) Conference Fire and Emergency Services Higher Education (FESHE) Conference Department of the Treasury Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATFE) Department of the Treasury Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATFE) National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB ) National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB )

22 FEDERAL ORGANIZATIONS FEDERAL ORGANIZATIONS Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)

23 FEDERAL ORGANIZATIONS FEDERAL ORGANIZATIONS Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) U.S. Coast Guard (USCG) U.S. Coast Guard (USCG)

24 National & International Organizations n BOCA –Building Officials and Code Administrators n Develops building codes n ISO –Insurance Services Offices n Association of insurers n Develop criteria for setting insurance rates n Grading system for FDs

25 National & International Organizations n Factory Mutual –Factory Mutual Engineering & Research Corp. –Conducts fire research –Provides consulting advice n Underwriters Laboratories –Provides testing of various materials to determine their compliance with recognized standards

26 National & International Organizations n IAFC n IAFF n IFSTA –International Fire Service Training Assn. n Affiliated with Oklahoma State University n Develop training programs

27 National & International Organizations n NIIMS –National Interagency Incident Management System –Developed by the National Wildfire Coordinating Group n Group of Federal Agencies that fight wildfires –Took Firescope ICS and built: n training programs & n a “credentialing system” around it

28 State Agencies n State Fire Marshal –Generally charged by law with enforcing the State Fire Code –Actual duties vary state to state n State Fire Training Academy n State Fire Chiefs Association** –not a State agency n State EMA

29 State Agencies Office of State Fire Marshal (OSFM or SFM) Office of State Fire Marshal (OSFM or SFM) State Fire Training State Fire Training State Emergency Management Agency State Emergency Management Agency Fire Commissions Fire Commissions State Fire Chiefs Associations State Fire Chiefs Associations

30 State Agencies State firefighter associations State firefighter associations State police State police State environmental protection agency State environmental protection agency State occupational safety and health administration State occupational safety and health administration State health department State health department

31 State Agencies State forestry department State forestry department Special task forces Special task forces Office of Emergency Management (OEM) Office of Emergency Management (OEM) National Guard National Guard Other state agencies Other state agencies

32 Local Agencies n Police n Building department n Water department n Street or highway (DPW) n Local EMA

33 Local Agencies Zoning/planning commission Zoning/planning commission Street department Street department Local judicial system Local judicial system Local office of emergency management Local office of emergency management Local emergency medical service agency Local emergency medical service agency

34 Local Agencies Emergency operations center (EOC) Emergency operations center (EOC) Firefighter union locals Firefighter union locals Community service Community service –organizations

35 PERIODICAL PUBLICATIONS Firehouse Firehouse Fire Chief Fire Chief Fire Engineering Fire Engineering Firefighter’s News Firefighter’s News Fire Rescue Fire Rescue

36 PERIODICAL PUBLICATIONS Industrial Fire World Industrial Fire World JEMS JEMS NFPA Journal NFPA Journal Rescue Rescue END - Chapter 5

37 Fire Department Resources n What are the various parts of a typical fire department? n Headquarters n Automotive Repair n Training Center n Warehouse/Central Stores (Supply Room) n Dispatch Center (Fire Alarm) n Fire Stations n Apparatus n Personnel

38 Headquarters n What positions are typically assigned to headquarters? n What are the advantages of having the FD headquarters located at a fire station? n What are the disadvantages?

39 Headquarters n What are the tasks that must be accomplished by Headquarters staff? n Budgeting n Payroll n Personnel (including discipline) n Purchasing n Inventory control n Facility repairs n Planning n Collective Bargaining n Liaison with City/Town executive

40 Automotive Repairs n What are our options for maintaining our vehicles? –In house mechanics –Municipal mechanics –Regional facility –Contract out n Annual service agreement n Each service –Combination

41 Training n What facilities are needed? n Class room n Drill yard n Burn building/smoke house n Tower n Are lack of facilities the problem that limits the training we get? n Time n Overtime n Commitment from administration

42 Warehouse/Supplies n Need driven: –Supply closet –Supply room –Supply warehouse n What are our options?

43 Dispatch Center n Receive/process & dispatch calls n CAD systems n 911 –Calls go to central location (often police) –Routed to appropriate agency –Enhanced 911 n Caller’s location provided n Dispatch Office Staffing n Options

44 Stations n Locations & response times –NFPA 1710 n Upkeep & maintenance n Replacement –Phoenix - 30 years n Construction - incorporate –health & safety - NFPA 1500 –professionalism to public & members –inclusion of women in workforce

45 Apparatus n Pumpers - –NFPA 1901 –Triple Combination Pumper n Water tank n Pump n Hose bed n Tankers - –NFPA 1903 –Over 1500 gal. tank requires 3 axles n cf. Dual axle

46 Apparatus n Aerial - –NFPA 1904 n Brush units - –NFPA 1906

47 Apparatus n Quint –Pump –Water tank –Ground ladders –Hose bed –Aerial device n Squads

48 Pumps n 2 basic types –Centrifugal –Positive Displacement n Gear pumps (rotary gear) n Piston pumps n Diaphragm pumps

49 Centrifugal Pump

50

51 Centrifugal Pump Impellers

52 Pumps n Advantages of a centrifugal pump: –Pump can spin at high rate without moving any water –Can take advantage of any pressure coming in on the suction side –Can pump some degree of trash/dirty water w/o fouling n Disadvantages: –Cannot prime itself n requires use of a primer pump

53 Pumps n Advantages of a positive displacement pump: –Can prime itself –Requires no residual pressure n Disadvantages: –Cannot take advantage of residual pressure –Must constantly move water or it will break

54 Equipment n Hose –Cotton jacket rubber lined –Synthetic –Rubber (booster) –Hard suction n Should hard suction still be required in an urban environment?

55 Equipment n Nozzles –Solid bore –Combination nozzles n Straight stream n Fog –Automatic nozzles n Same reach at different pressures –Low pressure nozzles n Low back pressure nozzles

56 Equipment n Ladders –NFPA 1901 for pumpers requires n 14’ roof ladder n 24’ extension ladder n 8’ folding ladder n All ladders to be service tested annually

57 Equipment n Hand tools –NFPA standards specify what equipment must be carried (at a minimum) –Hand tools giving way to hydraulic or mechanically operated tools n Axes - saws n Irons - hyrdaforce –Work smarter not harder

58 PPE n Station work uniforms –Nomex, flamex, etc. –New standard: cotton n Structure fire PPE n PASS n Wildland PPE n EMS PPE