By: Hamid Berenjkar - IRAN Annual World Bank Conference on Land and Poverty” Washington DC : March 14-18, 2016

1. Geographical Context

Constitution Legislature Judiciary Executive 2. Current Political Structure

Constitution Legislature JudiciaryExecutive State Organization for Registration of Deeds and Properties Management &Planning Organization National Geographic Organization Ministry of Defence National Cartographic Center Cadaster General Office 3. Main authorities for production of maps and spatial information National Topographic database in scale 1/25000 and geographic names database

4. Evolution of land registration in Iran Iranians registered the surface area of the farms over there in special registers for Tax when Darius was Iran's king.(500B.C) Iranians registered the surface area of the farms over there in special registers for Tax when Darius was Iran's king.(500B.C) During Safavid, a judge was assigned in the court for transactions as well as deeds of contracts, marriages, and divorces.(500 Years Ago) During Safavid, a judge was assigned in the court for transactions as well as deeds of contracts, marriages, and divorces.(500 Years Ago) In the judiciaries, sheets and written documents were stamped formally to prevent faking (forging) until Mashruta period. In the judiciaries, sheets and written documents were stamped formally to prevent faking (forging) until Mashruta period. The Law for deeds & properties registration was passed in April 1911 by the second Iranian Parliament. The Law for deeds & properties registration was passed in April 1911 by the second Iranian Parliament. The 126-article Law for deeds & properties registration was passed in March 1923 according to which Iranian Deeds and Properties Registration Organization was founded to stabilize people's proprietary rights and registration of documents made by them. The 126-article Law for deeds & properties registration was passed in March 1923 according to which Iranian Deeds and Properties Registration Organization was founded to stabilize people's proprietary rights and registration of documents made by them. State Organization for Registration of Deeds and Properties Main activities include: Properties Deeds Trademarks Patents Corporations Transaction Court Ruling Enforcement

The definition of cadastre A cadastre is the core or basis of a land administration system and is defined as a parcel based and up-to- date land information system containing a record of interests in land (e.g. rights, restrictions and responsibilities). 4. Evolution of land registration in Iran Annual World Bank Conference on Land and Poverty” Washington DC : March 14-18, 2016

Iran cadastre project For Urban Areas was passed in 1989 by Iranian parliament and in 1994 more officially cadastral operations started under Iran’s Deeds & Properties Registration Organization Objectives Secure land tenure Land disputes reduction Improvement of real estate market To increase land values and encourage land investments Increase tax revenues Accurate and accessible spatial information Innovative, efficient and transparent land administration 4. Evolution of land registration in Iran

Objectives Establishment of an efficient system for securing land titles Creation of a general cadastre system which provided clear and current definitions of parcels for property registration and facilitated open access to registers. Setting up a safe and cost effective procedure for property transactions in order to enhance the use of property as collateral. Annual World Bank Conference on Land and Poverty” Washington DC : March 14-18, 2016

Comprehensive Cadastre Comprehensive Cadastre law for whole country (Urban and Rural) was passed in 2015 and. On the basis of this law it will be implemented within five years. All agencies and are obligated to cooperate with the organization of deeds & properties to carry out the cadastre. Annual World Bank Conference on Land and Poverty” Washington DC : March 14-18, 2016

5. Land registration reform using cadastre  Planning 1.Definition cadastre for Iran (localization) 2.Total land area required for cadastral surveying(urban 1.2 million hectares is in priority) 3.Capacity building(scholarship three round)  Design 1.31Provinces 2.Cadastral surveying instruction 3.Database modelling 4.Infrastructure (hardware, software,…)  Implementation 1.Cadastral data collection 2.Converting deeds information and map sketch to digital form 3.Integrated digital deeds information and digital cadastre for making DCDB 4.Using technology for services Annual World Bank Conference on Land and Poverty” Washington DC : March 14-18, 2016

5. Land registration reform using cadastre  Development of Cadastre 1. Design of workflows and procedures for cadastre cases. 2. Methodology, specifications and quality assurance for data capture, index maps, orthophotos, and integrated information system, scanning of old maps, etc. 3. Design and development of an image web server application to store and retrieve digital graphic data.  Development of Land Book 1.Design of workflows and procedures for real property transactions. 2. Technical specifications for data conversion. 3. Review and amendment of laws and regulation Annual World Bank Conference on Land and Poverty” Washington DC : March 14-18, 2016

Map production Land surveying Photogrammetry Ortophoto UAV GNSS CORS 5. Land registration reform using cadastre Annual World Bank Conference on Land and Poverty” Washington DC : March 14-18, 2016

Prepared Digital Cadastral Maps Urban area CONVERTING DATA TO DIGITAL FORM IN IRAN (up to2015) Over 1,180,000 (Hectare) 1,200,000 (Hectare) Converted Paper Maps To Digital Cadastre Map 5. Land registration reform using cadastre Annual World Bank Conference on Land and Poverty” Washington DC : March 14-18, 2016

Converting paper based registration information to digital Standard Forms and Tables in Oracle Database 5. Land registration reform using cadastre Annual World Bank Conference on Land and Poverty” Washington DC : March 14-18, 2016

Integrated Data for DCDB(Digital Cadastre Data Base) 5. Land registration reform using cadastre Annual World Bank Conference on Land and Poverty” Washington DC : March 14-18, 2016

Content of Cadastral System Iranian Cadastral system typically comprises the following components: Database Component – the land register identifies real property parcels, which includes all land parcels and identifies owners’ rights. Spatial Component - Cadastral maps show all land parcels graphically corresponding to the registered title with plan numbers and unique identifiers. These are all now digitised. Cadastral maps consist of fixed and general boundaries. 1.Fixed boundaries are those with legally surveyed measurements used to precisely identify most parcel boundaries determined by cadastral surveys such as subdivision etc. 2.General boundaries (graphical) are not survey accurate or are not distinguish at photos and are based on natural or man-made physical features, such as walls and buildings as found on Cluster or Strata Titles. Annual World Bank Conference on Land and Poverty” Washington DC : March 14-18, 2016

6. Cadastre 2014 statements And Cadastre of Iran The land record management information system should be capable of generating maps, statistics, reports and documents using the data stored in the system. Annual World Bank Conference on Land and Poverty” Washington DC : March 14-18, 2016

7. Project of Land Registery Archive Information System To scan the existing archive documents, by using the latest technology, To transcribe them and transform them into a digital media, 100% of the land registry records (land books) are available in computerized extract form Annual World Bank Conference on Land and Poverty” Washington DC : March 14-18, 2016

Maintenance of cadastral data and land registry data is decentralized to the land registry and cadastre offices (more than 430 of each) and also all data are centralized at central DB The land register and cadastral data are linked by property (registered parcel) identifier (Parcel ID). Parcel Identification number is a unique number and has main role for linkage between cadastral map and registration information. RECENT ACHIEVEMENTS 7. Project of Land Registery Archive Information System Annual World Bank Conference on Land and Poverty” Washington DC : March 14-18, 2016

Raising the accuracy of land information Completing comprehensive land property database Updating existence information Preventing forgeries and blurs in issued land titles Obtaining satisfaction of clients Rendering of optimum services to all citizens with high quality, precision, and speed After getting required licenses the sample of new version of land Title Deed (single sheet) was printed with security compliance issues. The sample of new version of Land Title Deed (single sheet) was printed with security compliance(cadastral system output) Old version New version 7. Project of Land Registery Archive Information System Annual World Bank Conference on Land and Poverty” Washington DC : March 14-18, 2016

CADASTAL SURVEYING OF LAND -Historically to survey the cadastral boundary, the involvement of the owners and users in necessary, they are always invited to come to the field to point out where new boundaries are. Cadastral surveying of land is the identification of the legal boundaries of a cadastral parcel in nature, marking and surveying. Only surveyors certified for performing the works of cadastral surveying are entitled to perform cadastral surveying of land. The data of cadastral surveying of land consisting of 4 class of accuracy: Class 1 (urban) Class 2 (rural) Class 3 (adopted lower accuracy boundaries on large parcels) Class 4(existing boundaries on large parcels with missing or inadequate information - no accuracy standard specified) Annual World Bank Conference on Land and Poverty” Washington DC : March 14-18, 2016

CADASTAL SURVEYING OF LAND It is handled by more than one department Inconsistency of cadastral data Collaboration with other related organization Urban Area urban area(hectare)1,200,000 cadastre in class1(hectare) 1,188,711 percent99% Rural Area agricultural area(hectare) 18,000,000 cadastre in class 2(hectare) 2,058,452 percent11% state owned land Area area(hectare)139,000,000 cadastre in class 3(hectare) 9,809,481 percent7% cadastre in class 4(hectare) 66,330,894 percent50% Annual World Bank Conference on Land and Poverty” Washington DC : March 14-18, 2016

The Role of Cadastre in NSDI The role of cadastral data in establishment of NSDI is quite significant so that, Iran’s Deeds and Properties Registration Organization by it's project for cadastre performance, prepared a powerful integrated data base in country for more than 96percent of Urban area and for legal attributes of more than 32million registered parcels of public and private owners, which are maintaining in digital database. Annual World Bank Conference on Land and Poverty” Washington DC : March 14-18, 2016

A comprehensive cadastre that enables people to readily and confidently identify the location and extent of all rights, restrictions and responsibilities related to land and real property. facilitate the official notary publics' connection to the respective systems previously mentioned, so that online registration of deeds and transaction, and instant response to registry enquiries are facilitated 8. Future setting a new vision and concept for future cadaster including survey- accuracy, object-oriented design, 3D/4D data model, real-time information, global linkages and organic characteristics. Annual World Bank Conference on Land and Poverty” Washington DC : March 14-18, 2016