Sexual and Asexual Reproduction What are the characteristics of asexual reproduction and what organisms reproduce asexually? Chapters 5 (Section 4) & 6

Asexual Reproduction Asexual reproduction -the creation of offspring from a single parent. does not involve the joining of eggs and sperm Two main types of asexual reproduction: Mitosis (eukaryotic organisms only) Binary Fission (prokaryotes (bacteria))

Binary Fission Binary fission: the asexual reproduction of a single-celled organism by division into two roughly equal parts. The most common form of reproduction among prokaryotes.

Similarities and Differences Between Binary Fission and Mitosis How they are similar: Both processes form two daughter cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell.

Similarities and Differences Between Binary Fission and Mitosis How they are different: Prokaryotes don’t have a nucleus: free-floating DNA exists as one circular chromosome. After the DNA is duplicated, the identical strands attach to the cell membrane (they don't line up in the center like in metaphase). The cell elongates and divides into two identical daughter cells.

Advantages of Binary Fission Low cost- doesn’t need a lot of energy Efficient in favorable environments where the conditions do not change Since parent and daughter cells are identical, the daughter cells will respond to the unchanging environment the same way the parent cells do. Genetic variation resulting from sexual reproduction could change how daughter cells respond to the same environment and can be harmful. (If it ain’t broke, don’t fix it!)

Disadvantages of Binary Fission If the environment changes, the daughter cells are no longer perfectly suited to the environment. Since they cannot change from generation to generation, the species may die out. In a changing environment, genetic variation from sexual reproduction is helpful. It may mean the difference between life and extinction.

The most common form of reproduction among prokaryotes is sexual reproduction. binary fission. budding. fragmentation. [Default] [MC Any] [MC All]

What is the main difference between binary fission and mitosis? There is no DNA replication in binary fission. Two parents are required for mitotic reproduction. Binary fission occurs in single-celled organisms only. Mitosis takes place only in sexual reproduction. [Default] [MC Any] [MC All]

Which of the following statements is true of asexual reproduction? It produces genetically identical offspring. It produces few offspring. It produces genetic diversity. It produces offspring that are resistant to antibiotics. [Default] [MC Any] [MC All]

Some Eukaryotes Reproduce Through Mitosis Examples: The stem cuttings of some plants are able to grow new roots. Sea stars can grow from the arm of another sea star.

Some Eukaryotes Reproduce Through Mitosis Three ways mitosis is used for asexual reproduction: Budding -a small projection grows off of the parent organism Fragmentation -parent organism splits into fragments (or pieces), each of which regenerate and become a separate complete organism Vegetative reproduction -roots appear on the bottom of stem cuttings

Which form of reproduction through mitosis is shown below? Budding Fragmentation Vegetative Reproduction [Default] [MC Any] [MC All]

Which form of reproduction through mitosis is shown below? Budding Fragmentation Vegetative Reproduction [Default] [MC Any] [MC All]

Which form of reproduction through mitosis is shown below? Budding Fragmentation Vegetative Reproduction [Default] [MC Any] [MC All]