NOUNS

What is a noun?

What is a noun? A noun is a word we use to name people, places and things.

There are six kinds of noun in English

There are six kinds of noun in English Common nouns: dog,man,table.

There are six kinds of noun in English Common nouns:dog,man,table. Proper nouns: France,Madrid,Tom.

There are six kinds of noun in English Common nouns:dog,man,table. Proper nouns:France,Madrid,Tom. Abstract nouns: beauty,charity,courage, fear.

There are six kinds of noun in English Common nouns:dog,man,table. Proper nouns:France,Madrid,Tom. Abstract nouns:beauty,charity,courage,fear. Concrete nouns: school,car,computer.

There are six kinds of noun in English Common nouns:dog,man,table. Proper nouns:France,Madrid,Tom. Abstract nouns:beauty,charity,courage,fear. Concrete nouns:school,car,computer. Collective nouns: crowd,group,team,family.

There are six kinds of noun in English Common nouns:dog,man,table. Proper nouns:France,Madrid,Tom. Abstract nouns:beauty,charity,courage,fear. Concrete nouns:school,car,computer. Collective nouns:crowd,group,team,family. Compound nouns: boy-friend,travel agent, Picture frame,grasshopper.

Nouns can be countable or uncountable . Nouns can be countable or uncountable

COUNTABLE NOUNS

Countable nouns are,for example: dog,umbrella,girl,job.

Countable nouns are,for example:dog,umbrella,girl,job. Countable nouns are things we can count.We can make them plural.two dogs,six umbrellas,some girls.

Countable nouns are,for example:dog,umbrella,girl,job. Countable nouns are things we can count.We can make them plural.two dogs,six umbrellas,some girls. Before singular countable nouns you can use a/an.

Countable nouns are,for example:dog,umbrella,girl,job. Countable nouns are things we can count.We can make them plural.two dogs,six umbrellas,some girls. Before singular countable nouns you can use a/an. Do you need an umbrella?

You cannot use singular countable nouns alone. Countable nouns are,for example:dog,umbrella,girl,job. Countable nouns are things we can count.We can make them plural.two dogs,six umbrellas,some girls. Before singular countable nouns you can use a/an. Do you need an umbrella? You cannot use singular countable nouns alone. (without a/an/the/my/this,etc.)

I am looking for a job. Look at the dog! Countable nouns are,for example:dog,umbrella,girl,job. Countable nouns are things we can count.We can make them plural.two dogs,six umbrellas,some girls. Before singular countable nouns you can use a/an. Do you need an umbrella? You cannot use singular countable nouns alone. (without a/an/the/my/this,etc.) I am looking for a job. Look at the dog!

UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS

UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS Uncountable nouns are things we cannot count.They have no plural. You cannot say musics or bloods.

Uncountable nouns are,for example: gold,blood,music, excitement.

Many nouns can be used as countable or uncountable nouns Many nouns can be used as countable or uncountable nouns.Usually there is a difference.

I bought a paper.(a newspaper) I bought some paper. For example; I bought a paper.(a newspaper) I bought some paper. There is a hair in my soup! ( a single hair) She has beautiful hair.

SOME UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS gold,music,blood,paper,hair,advice, bread,cheese,milk,coffee,tea,behavier, chaos, courage, dirt, evidence, fun, furniture, harm, health, homework, information, luck,luggage, money, mud, news, nonsense, pay, permission,poetry, pollution, progress, research, sunshine, travel,weather,work,sand,ice,oil,dust, soap,stone,wood,wine,water,.

SINGULAR OR PLURAL?

We use some nouns only in the plural:

For example: police,clothes pyjamas You can also use a pair of … with these words.

PLURAL NOUNS

FINAL –S OR -ES

PLURAL NOUNS NOUN + -S: Friends are important. NOUN + -ES: I like my classes. A final -s or -es is added to a noun to make the noun plural.

PLURAL NOUNS Song songs

PLURAL NOUNS Song songs The plural of most nouns is formed by adding final -s.

Box boxes Final -es is added to nouns that end in -sh, -ch, -s, -z, -x,-o

Box boxes Final -es is added to nouns that end in -sh, -ch, -s, -z, -x,-o brush

Box boxes Final -es is added to nouns that end in -sh, -ch, -s, -z, -x,-o brushes

Box boxes Final -es is added to nouns that end in -sh, -ch, -s, -z, -x,-o brushes church

Box boxes Final -es is added to nouns that end in -sh, -ch, -s, -z, -x,-o brushes churches

Box boxes Final -es is added to nouns that end in -sh, -ch, -s, -z, -x,-o brushes churches bus

Box boxes Final -es is added to nouns that end in -sh, -ch, -s, -z, -x,-o brushes churches buses

Box boxes Final -es is added to nouns that end in -sh, -ch, -s, -z, -x,-o brushes churches buses But words of foreign origin or abreviated words ending in o add –s only photos pianos kilos kimonos

Nouns endin in Y following a consonant form their plural by dropping Y and adding ies. baby babies lady ladies country countries

Nouns endin in Y following a vowel form their plural by adding s. boy boys day days donkey donkeys

Some nouns(twelve) ending f or fe drop the f or fe and add ves.

Some nouns(twelve) ending f or fe drop the f or fe and add ves. wife

Some nouns(twelve) ending f or fe drop the f or fe and add ves. wife wives

Some nouns(twelve) ending f or fe drop the f or fe and add ves. wife wives wolf

Some nouns(twelve) ending f or fe drop the f or fe and add ves. wife wives wolf wolves

wife wives wolf wolves knife Some nouns(twelve) ending f or fe drop the f or fe and add ves. wife wives wolf wolves knife

wife wives wolf wolves knife knives Some nouns(twelve) ending f or fe drop the f or fe and add ves. wife wives wolf wolves knife knives

wife wives wolf wolves knife knives loaf Some nouns(twelve) ending f or fe drop the f or fe and add ves. wife wives wolf wolves knife knives loaf

wife wives wolf wolves knife knives loaf loaves Some nouns(twelve) ending f or fe drop the f or fe and add ves. wife wives wolf wolves knife knives loaf loaves

wife wives wolf wolves knife knives loaf loaves leaf Some nouns(twelve) ending f or fe drop the f or fe and add ves. wife wives wolf wolves knife knives loaf loaves leaf

wife wives wolf wolves knife knives loaf loaves leaf leaves Some nouns(twelve) ending f or fe drop the f or fe and add ves. wife wives wolf wolves knife knives loaf loaves leaf leaves

wife wives wolf wolves knife knives loaf loaves leaf leaves self Some nouns(twelve) ending f or fe drop the f or fe and add ves. wife wives wolf wolves knife knives loaf loaves leaf leaves self

wife wives wolf wolves knife knives loaf loaves leaf leaves Some nouns(twelve) ending f or fe drop the f or fe and add ves. wife wives wolf wolves knife knives loaf loaves leaf leaves self selves

wife wives wolf wolves knife knives loaf loaves leaf leaves Some nouns(twelve) ending f or fe drop the f or fe and add ves. wife wives wolf wolves knife knives loaf loaves leaf leaves self selves shelf

wife wives wolf wolves knife knives loaf loaves leaf leaves Some nouns(twelve) ending f or fe drop the f or fe and add ves. wife wives wolf wolves knife knives loaf loaves leaf leaves self selves shelf shelves

calf half thief life sheaf Some nouns(twelve) ending f or fe drop the f or fe and add ves. wife wives wolf wolves knife knives loaf loaves leaf leaves self selves shelf shelves calf half thief life sheaf

Scarf scarfs or scarves Other words add s in the ordinary way Handkerchief Handkerchiefs Cliff Cliffs Safe safes

Collective nouns can take a singular or plural verb: The jury is considering its verdict. The jury are considering their verdict.

IRREGULAR PLURALS Foot feet Mouse mice Woman women Man men Goose geese Tooth teeth

PRONUNCIATION OF –S,-ES

Voiceless sounds are made by pushing air through your mouth; no sound comes from your throat. Examples of voiceless sounds: "k," "p," “t“,”f”.

Voiced sounds come from your throat Voiced sounds come from your throat. If you touch your neck when you make a voiced sound, you can feel your voice box vibrate. Examples of voiced sounds: “l,“ "v," "n," "b," and all vowel sounds.