Biomes Large-Scale Ecosystems Shaped by Global Influences.

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Presentation transcript:

Biomes Large-Scale Ecosystems Shaped by Global Influences

Radiant energy is supplied unevenly over the Earth’s surface

The Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn are the latitudes of the solar equator at summer and winter solstices

The average annual mean temperature is more variable in the Northern Hemisphere than in the Southern…Why?

Global map of oceans & continents

Relative Humidity varies with air temperature

Adiabatic cooling occurs as the onshore air flow is lifted over coastal mountain ranges

Worlds largest temperate rainforest

1. Warmed air rises… …expands… …loses moisture… 2. Surface air from N & S replaces it 3. Dry air at altitude flows N or S 4. Descending air is even less likely to release moisture

Deserts Rainforests

Earth’s rotation produces different prevailing wind patterns at different latitudes

Winds and Earth’s rotation drive ocean currents. Continents block them

A variety of global influences produce similar climates in widely different places.

The Tropical Rainforest Biome Location: between 23.5º Nand 23.5º Slatitudes Annual Rainfall: cm (60-160”) Mean annual temperature: 25˚-27˚C (77-80˚F) Mean annual evapotranspiration: 160 cm (63”)

CactaceaeEuphorbiaceae Residents of the same biome tend to resemble one another vegetational convergence

Among plants, natural viviparyis found only in unrelated mangrove species vegetational convergence

faunal convergence

AfricaSouth America faunal convergence

Biomes are large-scale ecosystems with distinctive vegetational characteristics that correspond to climate patterns

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