REMEMBERING SOME OF THE NOTABLE DAMAGING EARTHQUAKES AND TSUNAMIS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA.

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lecture by Walter Hays Uploading date: December 11, 2013

Presentation transcript:

REMEMBERING SOME OF THE NOTABLE DAMAGING EARTHQUAKES AND TSUNAMIS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

IS A GOOD TIME FOR A GLOBAL SURGE IN EDUCATIONAL, TECHNICAL, HEALTH CARE, AND POLITICAL CAPACITY BUILDING IN ALL FIVE PILLARS OF COMMUNITY DISASTER RESILIENCE

ALL PAST DISASTERS DEMONSTRATE THE URGENCY OF BECOMING DISASTER RESILIENT PREMISE: A DISASTER ON THE SAME SCALE SHOULD NEVER HAPPEN TWICE IN A COMMUNITY

COMMUNITIES COMMUNITIES DATA BASES AND INFORMATION HAZARDS: GROUND SHAKING GROUND FAILURE SURFACE FAULTING TECTONIC DEFORMATION TSUNAMI RUN UP AFTERSHOCKS QUAKE HAZARDS INVENTORY VULNERABILITY LOCATION EARTHQUAKE RISK RISK ACCEPTABLE RISK UNACCEPTABLE RISK QUAKE DISASTER RESILIENCE PREPAREDNESS PROTECTION FORECASTS/SCENARIOS EMERGENCY RESPONSE RECOVERY and RECONSTRUCTION POLICY OPTIONS

INADEQUATE RESISTANCE TO HORIZONTAL GROUND SHAKING EARTHQUAKES SOIL AMPLIFICATION PERMANENT DISPLACEMENT (SURFACE FAULTING & GROUND FAILURE) IRREGULARITIES IN ELEVATION AND PLAN FIRE FOLLOWING RUPTURE OF UTILITIES LACK OF DETAILING AND CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS INATTENTION TO NON- STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS CAUSES OF DAMAGE “DISASTER LABORATORIES”

VAN, TURKEY: OCTOBER, 2011

L'AQUILA, ITALY: APRIL 2009

SICHUAN PROVINCE, CHINA; MAY 2008

SUMATRA, INDONESIA: SEPTEMBER 2007

BAM, IRAN: DECEMBER 2003

ARMENIA: DECEMBER 1988 ARMENIA: DECEMBER 1988

MINDANAO, THE PHILIPPINES: AUG. 1976

CHILE: MAY 1960

COMMUNITIESCOMMUNITIES DATA BASES AND INFORMATION HAZARDS: GROUND SHAKING GROUND FAILURE SURFACE FAULTING TECTONIC DEFORMATION TSUNAMI RUN UP AFTERSHOCKS TSUNAMI HAZARDS PEOPLE & BLDGS. VULNERABILITY LOCATION TSUNAMI RISK RISK ACCEPTABLE RISK UNACCEPTABLE RISK GOAL: TSUNAMI DISASTER RESILIENCE PREPAREDNESS PROTECTION EARLY WARNING EMERGENCY RESPONSE RECOVERY and RECONSTRUCTION POLICY OPTIONS

HIGH VELOCITY IMPACT OF INCOMING WAVES TSUNAMIS INLAND DISTANCE OF WAVE RUNUP VERTICAL HEIGHT OF WAVE RUNUP INADEQUATE RESISTANCE OF BUILDINGS FLOODING INADEQUATE HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL EVACUATION PROXIMITY TO SOURCE OF TSUNAMI CAUSES OF DAMAGE “DISASTER LABORATORIES”

JAPAN: MARCH 11, 2011

INDONESIA: OCTOBER 2010

CHILE: FEBRUARY 2010

AMERICAN SAMOA: SEPTEMBER 2009

SOLOMON ISLANDS: APRIL 2007

JAVA ISLANDS: APRIL 2006

INDONESIA: DECEMBER 2004

ALASKA (USA): MARCH 1964

EXTRAPOLATION TO 2013 A tsunami generated by a massive earthquake off the coast of Alaska would leave the northern Orange County coast and Long Beach underwater. Source: U.S. Geological Survey report, Wednesday (Sept. 4, 2013).

SCHEMATIC OF THE HYPOTHETICAL TSUNAMI WAVE (USGS)