CHAPTER 2 SEC. 1 SPAIN’S EMPIRE IN THE AMERICAS. WHAT IS THE MAIN IDEA OF THE SECTION Throughout the 1500s and 1600s, the Spanish conquered Central and.

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Spain’s Empire in the Americas

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CHAPTER 2 SEC. 1 SPAIN’S EMPIRE IN THE AMERICAS

WHAT IS THE MAIN IDEA OF THE SECTION Throughout the 1500s and 1600s, the Spanish conquered Central and portions of North America. WHY DOES THIS INFORMATION MATTER NOW? -Spanish language, religion, and architecture continues to influence the Americas.

Chapter 2 Section 1 Vocabulary Hernándo Cortés conquistador New Spain mestizo encomienda Juan Ponce de León New Mexico Popé’s Rebellion

Spanish Claim a New Empire Spanish explorers go through Caribbean, Mexico & south to the tip of South America. Conquistadores: specially trained Spanish soldiers who colonized the New World in search for gold & silver. Dominate Native Americans superior weapons, native allies, & disease the. Lots of gold, Spain is now strongest in the world

Cortes Subdues the Aztecs Hernando Cortes: a gifted Spanish diplomat & military leader - learned of wealthy Aztec empire in Mexico filled with GOLD soldiers, 17 horses, and 10 cannons - Cortes convinced other Native American groups to join him in conquering Aztecs - Reach Tenochtitlan (capital) and amazed at greatness

Aztecs the richest, most advanced, & brutal society in Mexico Tenochtitlan -towering temples, engineering, & system that brought fresh water to the city. - Aztec Emperor Montezuma Thought Cortes was a god and gave him a share of Aztec Gold. - In 1520 CE, Aztecs rebelled against Spanish killed Montezuma for allowing Cortes to take over - The Spanish conquer Aztecs in 1521.

Spanish Pattern of Conquest Peninsulares: Spanish men who traveled to New Spain to settle and profit off the land. Mestizo: mixed race (European, Native American, and eventually African) Encomienda system Native Americans were forced to farm, ranch, or mine for Spanish landlords

HOW TO CONQUER FOREIGN LANDS & NATIVE PEOPLES (THE SPANISH WAY) 1.)Good leader 2.) Strong military (conquistadors) and better weapons 3.) Hidalgo’s and peninsulares to: - settle land and create plantations - marry Native American women and create a mestizo population. (Eventually, the population will all have Spanish blood) 4.) Impose ‘encomienda’ labor system to develop and harvest cash crops. 5.) Force Spanish culture and religion (Roman Catholicism)