Challenges, Opportunities and Recommendations SUPPORTING HUMAN CAPACITY AND SKILLED WORKFORCE FOR RENEWABE ENERGY DEVELOPMENT Jensen Shuma (TaTEDO) 1

OUTLINE Introduction Capacity for RE in Tanzania Capacity Development Cycle Capacity for Different Stakeholders Types of Human Capacity Needs Challenges Opportunities Recommendations 2

Introduction Tanzania is endowed with diverse forms of renewable energy resources, ranging from biomass and hydropower to geothermal, solar, and wind. Much of this potential has not been fully exploited. Renewable energy (excluding large hydro) accounts for only about 4.9 % of generation capacity 3

Capacity for RE in Tanzania Almost all RE resources above have not been exploited fully due to –Inadequate Human Capacity (in terms of quantity and quality), –Meagre Resources for Developing RE –Inadequate facilities for fabricating local RE products Capacity development for RE is required in Tanzania for individuals, groups, organizations and Country to increase ability to perform functions, solve problems and achieve objectives The RE sector is facing problems of –Low availability of financial capitals –Institutional capacity constraints –Need for RE education and awareness –Inadequacies in policies and regulatory framework 4

Capacity Development Cycle Capacity Assessment Define Capacity Development Goals and Strategies Implementation (trainings, facilities, etc) Monitoring and Evaluation The capacity development has been passing through the following cycle: 5

Capacity for Different Stakeholders Public Sector (Capacity required at National and Local Levels) –Legal and regulatory firms –Public sector RE institutions –Local Government Energy Sections RE policies and strategies can not reach local potentials if local governments are not capable of enforcing laws and programme management 6

Private Sector Development of link between public and private sector is needed to enhance renewable energy infrastructure and RE systems Capacity required for private sector include business capacity, technical capacity (in terms of knowledge, skills and experiences) and financial capitals, Also a need for developing Public-Private Partnership–share capacity(Power Producers and Small Power Producers, biomass companies, etc) Example: TaTEDO through AREED developed capacity energy entrepreneurs and established RE subsidiary companies (RE electricity and biomass energy) 7

Community Members Introduction of new RE technologies without training on how to use them –low uptake Awareness of the technologies should be increased through promotions and demonstration for users understand RE technologies RE technologies users should be trained on how to use energy productively (for income generation) Example: TaTEDO has managed to promote and demonstrate RE technologies in more than 200 villages 8

Civil Society Organisations CSOs are important for defining community needs and initiate development programmes Provide capacity building trainings (technical, business, institutional, advocacy, project planning, etc) Example: TaTEDO through different project has trained more than 500 solar technicians, 1200, stove artisans, 500 SMEs, etc 9

Human Capacity Needs for RE Strategic and Leadership Capacity (managerial, policy, strategies, planning, etc) Skills for Knowledge management (best practices, energy statistics, communication, etc) Expertise enhancement (technical, business and marketing) Knowledge for intervening communities The country has limited capacity and inadequate experience of renewable energy development, 10

Existing RE Skills The energy expertise in the local market is for fabricating and installing small energy systems mainly biomass, solar and wind The existing local capacity and experiences is a result of the Government and NGO efforts (TaTEDO, TAREA, etc) There are increasing chances of private entrepreneurial engagement in the RE sector Establishment of REA speeded up RE capacity efforts – heavily on electricity and not fuels There are firms in the institutional structure such as EWURA, TGDC, GST, etc 11

Selected RE Courses offered by HLIs UDSM M. Sc. Course in Renewable Energy, M Sc Course in Energy Engineering PhD, MSc. and BSc Courses in Electrical Engineering M.Sc. Course in Power Systems and High Voltages Dar es Salaam Institute of Technology Ordinary Diploma in Electrical Engineering Mbeya University of Science and Technology Bachelor of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Ordinary Diploma in Electrical and Electronic Engineering Forgotten Areas Biomass energy (liquid, gaseous, and solid), wind, small hydro, and tidal/waves, 12

Challenges Lack or Inadequate RE courses in the Education Systems and Curricula (from Primary to High Learning Institutions) Lack of Research Centres for developing new skills and lessons from the RE sector Heavy reliance on external expertise which undermine local skills and knowledge, Inadequate skills, data and RE planning tools, Limited local capacity in developing large RE systems (geothermal, solar farms, wind farms, tidal/waves and other mini-grids) Lack of awareness to consumers on standards and technology choices. 13

Challenges Inability and limited human capacity to reach wide spread rural communities by the grid and large RE projects Most of few courses in HLIs are related to electricity and fuels have been left aside (especially biomass –consumed by 90% of pp Inadequate skills and experiences in unbundling the power sector- involving local governments or the private sector 14

Opportunities The country has trainable people who could receive capacity building skills Tanzania is endowed with unexploited RE resources which can generate electricity and fuels (solar, wind, hydro, etc) Availability of supportive funding sources for RE long and short courses(from private sector, corporate sector, government, development partners, etc) Wide choice of RE training options from the national and international institutions Existence of local governments which enables to reach local communities 15

Opportunities… Existing of chances for studying RE courses in abroad (geothermal, renewable energy, etc) The gap of skills and human capacity in the RE sector means opportunity for opening RE training institutions RE sector could become job booster for trainers in rural and urban areas 16

Recommendations Integrating more RE courses in the Education systems (biomass, solar, wind, geothermal, etc) Establish Scheme for developing RE workforce by offering to interested students long and short courses Need for generating new skills and knowledge by establishing RE research centre Increase expertise and skills of RE through study tours, short term trainings, exchange programmes, etc Improvement of RE vocational training and capacity building projects Need for establishing the RE Training Institute ( for capacity building trainings and related studies) Develop skills of undertaking RE business at all levels 17

For more information, please contact TaTEDO, P. O. Box 32794, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania Tel / , Fax: Website: 18