PHOTOVOLTAIC EMULATOR FOR SMART GRID TEST FACILITY 1 Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka 2 Department of Computer Engineering, University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka Authors Y. Amirthagunaraj F. M. Fazil M. M. A. Sawsan P. J. Binduhewa J. B. Ekanayake K. M. Liyanage A.Atputharajah B.K. Samarakoon

o Introduction o Proposed photovoltaic emulator o Controller unit of the photovoltaic emulator o Results o Discussion & Conclusions o References Table of contents

INTRODUCTION

Smart Grid and Renewable Energy Smart Grid Energy Resources, Controllers and Loads Smart Grid power consumers Source: The energy and Resource Institute of India

Introduction to PV emulator  Need of PV emulator Environmental Temperature and Irradiance are unpredictable To have an idea about output characteristic of the panels before connecting to the load Actual PV panel consist large volume Panels are expensive Research purposes

PV emulator overview  PV emulator PV Emulator is a device which automatically calculates and output solar array voltages, currents and powers profiles based on user defined parameters. Controller - Panel data - Temperature - Irradiance -Load - IV & PV characteristics - Power output - Current / Voltage

Available PV Emulators Source: Future Energy Electronics Centre(FEEC), Japan

PROPOSED PV EMULATOR - Panel data - Temperature - Irradiance Micro controller P max & V max PmPm

Controller  Two main parts 1.Representing the Electrical model of a PV panel  Parameter needs to find I ph,STC -Photo current at STC Rp - Parallel Resistance I o -Diode Saturation Current Rs - Series Resistance A -Diode Ideality Factor [2]

PV-UJ225GA6 – Mitsubishi  I sc,STC (8.30A)  V oc,STC (36.40V)  I mp,STC (7.50A)  V mp,STC (33.0V)  P mp,STC (225 W)  Kv (-0.32 %/K V oc,STC )  Ki(0.15 %/K I sc,STC )  Ns(60) Input data using datasheet

2.MPPT Voltage sweep method  Find the V oc  Vary the o/p voltage by a small step from 60% of V oc.  Find the I pv & V pv using the available equations.  Find P out  By comparing previous power Find P max & V m

Results

Testing setup PV panal V A W Rheostat P max PV-UJ225GA6

Variation of irradiance and temperature Variation of controller and measured output power Variation of Input and Output

Vol/Div=1 V Time/Div=50 s Variation of Output with time

 The characteristics of a PV panel and maximum power point tracker were implemented on a microcontroller  The controller was tested with a actual setup.  Time varying inputs (Temperature & Irradiance) were fed into the system  The time between two adjacent outputs can be control.  Reasonable agreement between microcontroller unit and real measurement  proposed controller unit can be fed into the inverter of the PV emulator. DISCUSSION & CONCLUSIONS

1.P. J. Binduhewa and Mike Barnes, “Photovoltaic Emulator”, Proceedings of 8 th IEEE conference on Industrial and Information Systems, 2013, pages: 6 2.Dezso Sera, Remus Teodorescu, Pedro Rodriguez, “PV Panel model based on datasheet values”, Proceedings of IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics, vol.4, 2007,pp T. Esram and P. Chapman, “Comparison of Photovoltaic Array Maximum PowerPoint Tracking Techniques,” IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, vol. 22,2007, pp References

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