NOAA – EU Space Weather Cooperation Terry Onsager National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Space Weather Prediction Center

International and U.S. Subscribers to NOAA’s Space Weather Products

Entering an Exciting Era for Space Weather Space weather risks are becoming widely recognized International interest in providing space weather services is increasing Research and modeling are maturing Mechanisms have been established to coordinate the global effort Challenge: How can our service capabilities keep pace with the growing need?

Challenges Ahead The improvement of space weather services requires coordinated, committed partners around the globe Many space-based observations are obtained from research missions with limited lifetimes Many ground-based observations are not available in real time nor on shared networks Traditional basic research does not effectively lead to the development of applications to support specific user needs Global and regional services must be coordinated

NOAA – German Aerospace Center (DLR) Collaboration DLR - NOAA Memorandum of Agreement on space weather collaboration, December 7, 2009 DLR is a critical partner in the real-time solar wind data network – acquiring and disseminating data from the ACE satellite DLR is preparing to provide support for the ACE follow-on mission, DSCOVR Collaboration on the development and inter-comparison of ionospheric models is on-going

Advanced Forecasting for Ensuring Communications Through Space (AFFECTS) Participants: Germany, Belgium, Ukraine, Norway, United States Coordinator: Dr. Volker Bothmer, Georg-August-Universität, Germany Develop a forecasting and early-warning system to mitigate ionospheric effects on navigation and communication systems -Coordinated analysis of space-based and ground-based measurements -Development of predictive models of solar and ionospheric disturbances -Validation of forecast system Coordination Action for the Integration of Solar System Infrastructures and Science (CASSIS) Participants: United Kingdom, Belgium, Switzerland, France, United States Coordinator: Dr. Robert Bentley, University College London Improve the interoperability of data and metadata to enhance the dissemination and utility of data across interdisciplinary boundaries. Seventh Framework Program Collaboration

NOAA – Joint Research Centre Collaboration Implementing Arrangement signed by NOAA and the JRC on May 31, Includes tasks on space weather prediction and impact mitigation. Institute for the Protection and Security of the Citizen -Risk assessment for critical infrastructure -Scientific research for GNSS resilience -Characterizing specific system impacts due to scintillation NOAA Space Weather Prediction Center -Monitor and predict conditions in the space environment -Provide operational services to mitigate space weather impacts -Utilize advances in understanding to improve services This collaboration will lead to an improved understanding of space weather impacts on GNSS systems and new products to support GNSS users.

NOAA – UK Collaboration UK Met Office - NOAA Memorandum of Agreement on space weather collaboration – February 8, 2011 UK – US collaboration workshop on research, data infrastructure, and space weather policy ( ) Statements released by the U.S. White House on UK-US space weather collaboration – May 25, 2011 and March 14, 2012 We recognize the need to develop a long-term vision for space weather activities that ensures the continuity of Sun-Earth-system observations, the development of scientific knowledge and predictive capabilities, the coordinated delivery of operational services, and an understanding of societal risks and mitigation strategies. From Joint Statement issued by Sir John Beddington, UK Chief Scientific Adviser, and Dr. Kathryn Sullivan, NOAA Deputy Administrator, June 26, 2012:

UK – US Workshop Accomplishments Identified overlaps in UK-US priorities and capabilities Established near-term and long-term goals for collaborative effort Identified data and infrastructure needs Recommended actions to facilitate progress The workshop discussions focused primarily on UK and US activities; however, the value of broader international coordination was recognized.

Advocacy Recommended for Improvements to Operational Data Advocate high-level international coordination of satellite-based assets to achieve cost-effective, continuity of key measurements Advocate for improved data access through mechanisms such as the WMO Information System Encourage global acquisition and sharing of ground-based data: solar, GPS, magnetometer, ionospheric measurements, etc. Support interagency agreements, cost sharing, public-private partnerships to improve availability of data

World Meteorological Organization International Space Environment Service International Civil Aviation Organization Coordination Group for Meteorological Satellites UN Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space International Space Weather Initiative International Committee on GNSS Opportunities for Coordinating our Efforts

WMO Inter-Programme Coordination Team on Space Weather (ICTSW) United States Canada Brazil Colombia United Kingdom Finland Germany Belgium Ethiopia China Japan Korea Australia European Space Agency International Space Environment Service International Telecommunications Union International Civil Aviation Organization Office of Outer Space Affairs World Meteorological Organization European Commission Joint Research Centres Russian Federation South Africa Switzerland Pakistan Participants from 18 countries and 7 international organizations Co-Chairs:Terry Onsager – NOAA Space Weather Prediction Center Xiaoxin Zhang – China Meteorological Administration Italy France

World Meteorological Organization (WMO) Integrated Global Observing Systems Space weather observing requirements are documented (June, 2011) Gap analysis (Statement of Guidance) for space weather observations approved (May, 2012) Space Weather is now a new chapter in the “WMO Implementation Plan for Evolution of Global Observing Systems” (Fall, 2012 approval) Space weather observations are now fully integrated in the WMO process and plans for evolution of observing systems, just like meteorological observations. In addition, the web-based Space Weather Product Portal is in place (January, 2012)

WMO Space Weather Product Portal Facilitate intercomparison and coordination of products Enhance awareness of available products Enable use by partners at no cost Increase global participation in space weather services Ten countries now contribute space weather products on the portal

14 Regional Warning Centers plus affiliates Primary organization engaged in the international coordination of space weather services since 1962 Share data and information for consensus forecasts Issue forecasts, alerts, and warnings for local region in the local language Conduct customer-focused event analyses

United States Canada Brazil Poland Czech Republic Belgium China (NAO, CSSAR) Japan Korea (RRA) Australia Russian Federation South Africa Sweden India International Space Environment Service 14 Regional Warning Centers

Australia Belgium Brazil Canada Japan Korea (RRA) Russian Federation South Africa United States China (NAO, CSSAR) Czech Republic India Poland Sweden China (CMA) Colombia Ethiopia Finland France Germany Italy Korea (KMA) Pakistan United Kingdom ISES WMO Worldwide Space Weather Service Providers No Single Organization Coordinates all Global Space Weather Service Providers

Summary Growing global interest – customers and service providers Opportunities to improve data, research, and services Observing requirements, gap analysis, and product portal are in place; forecast-center coordination is increasing Challenges: -Plan is needed to coordinate space-based observations and to improve access to ground-based observations -Customer-focused applications must be developed -Service center coordination must be enhanced