9th GHRSST-PP Science Team Meeting Perros-Guirec, Brittany France, 9-13 June 2008 Merging Satellite Infrared and Microwave Sea Surface Temperature in the.

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9th GHRSST-PP Science Team Meeting Perros-Guirec, Brittany France, 9-13 June 2008 Merging Satellite Infrared and Microwave Sea Surface Temperature in the China Seas Lei Guan, Hui Zhang, Heng Liu and Liqin Qu Ocean Remote Sensing Institute Ocean University of China Qingdao, China

9th GHRSST-PP Science Team Meeting Perros-Guirec, Brittany France, 9-13 June 2008

Outline  Introduction  NOAA AVHRR acquisition and processing  Merging of AVHRR and AMSR-E SST  Future plan

9th GHRSST-PP Science Team Meeting Perros-Guirec, Brittany France, 9-13 June 2008 Introduction  Project funded by the ‘863’ program, Ministry of Science and Technology of China (PI: Lei Guan, OUC) – –Research & development for a regional high-resolution SST system  DRAGONESS SSA project funded by EU (Coordinators: Johnny Johannessen, NERSC & Ming-Xia He, OUC) – –Making an inventory of Chinese and European capacities of marine monitoring for environment and security including Earth observation data. –WP2 Review and utilization of spaceborne observing systems: Investigating the involvement in GHRSST and usage of GHRSST in China DRAGON in support of harmonizing European and Chinese marine monitoring for Environment and Security System

9th GHRSST-PP Science Team Meeting Perros-Guirec, Brittany France, 9-13 June 2008 Introduction

NOAA AVHRR acquisition and processing TeraScan L-Band System Operation since Sept 2000

9th GHRSST-PP Science Team Meeting Perros-Guirec, Brittany France, 9-13 June 2008 NOAA AVHRR acquisition and processing

9th GHRSST-PP Science Team Meeting Perros-Guirec, Brittany France, 9-13 June 2008  Modify the SST algorithm from MCSST to NLSST  Additional cloud detection  Update the system for near-real-time processing, automated archive and online distribution NOAA AVHRR acquisition and processing

9th GHRSST-PP Science Team Meeting Perros-Guirec, Brittany France, 9-13 June 2008 NOAA AVHRR acquisition and processing

9th GHRSST-PP Science Team Meeting Perros-Guirec, Brittany France, 9-13 June 2008 NOAA AVHRR acquisition and processing

9th GHRSST-PP Science Team Meeting Perros-Guirec, Brittany France, 9-13 June 2008 Spatial window: 0.01 degree Temporal window: 1 hour No. of Math-up: 9677 Daytime ( ℃ ) Bias: 0.16 Std. Dev.: 0.73 Nighttime ( ℃ ) Bias: Std. Dev.: 0.80 NOAA AVHRR acquisition and processing Match-up data in 2005

9th GHRSST-PP Science Team Meeting Perros-Guirec, Brittany France, 9-13 June 2008 Merging of AVHRR and AMSR-E SST (Guan & Kawamura, 2004) (Kawai, et al, 2006) By OI

9th GHRSST-PP Science Team Meeting Perros-Guirec, Brittany France, 9-13 June 2008 Merging of AVHRR and AMSR-E SST

9th GHRSST-PP Science Team Meeting Perros-Guirec, Brittany France, 9-13 June 2008 Merging of AVHRR and AMSR-E SST

9th GHRSST-PP Science Team Meeting Perros-Guirec, Brittany France, 9-13 June 2008 AMSR-E and AVHRR SST data Border processing Merging the wavelet coefficients Wavelet decomposition Wavelet reconstruction Image restoration (Feature tracking using sequential images) Flowchart of Ultra high resolution processing Merging of AVHRR and AMSR-E SST

9th GHRSST-PP Science Team Meeting Perros-Guirec, Brittany France, 9-13 June 2008 WaveletDecomposition Image1 Image2 WaveletDecomposition WaveletReconstructionMergeRules Merged Image Wavelet Coefficients map Merging of AVHRR and AMSR-E SST

9th GHRSST-PP Science Team Meeting Perros-Guirec, Brittany France, 9-13 June 2008 Merging of AVHRR and AMSR-E SST

9th GHRSST-PP Science Team Meeting Perros-Guirec, Brittany France, 9-13 June 2008 Merging of AVHRR and AMSR-E SST

9th GHRSST-PP Science Team Meeting Perros-Guirec, Brittany France, 9-13 June 2008 Method - OI Method- DWT Merging of AVHRR and AMSR-E SST

9th GHRSST-PP Science Team Meeting Perros-Guirec, Brittany France, 9-13 June 2008 Method － OA Method —DWT Merging of AVHRR and AMSR-E SST

9th GHRSST-PP Science Team Meeting Perros-Guirec, Brittany France, 9-13 June 2008 Merging of AVHRR and AMSR-E SST  Image restoration based on feature tracking –Assuming pattern similarity in the sequential SST images, the method of Best Neighborhood Matching (BNM) is used to restore part of the blank area. (Zhang & Wang ， 2002)

9th GHRSST-PP Science Team Meeting Perros-Guirec, Brittany France, 9-13 June 2008

Merging of AVHRR and AMSR-E SST Image definition uses grads method to evaluate image quality. The bigger the definition value is, the better the image is. EntropyImage definitionvarianceMean BNM SST Merged SST AMSR-E AVHRR Entropy is an important parameter which is used to weigh the information of image. It denotes how much information the image is carried

9th GHRSST-PP Science Team Meeting Perros-Guirec, Brittany France, 9-13 June 2008 Future Plan  Research and Development of regional high-resolution SST system –Compatible with GHRSST –Improvement of the AVHRR LAC SST products –Evaluation of the SST products derived from the Chinese satellites –Investigation of the methods for ultra-high resolution SST –How to deal with Coastal area without microwave SST? –Link to Chinese operational agencies? –………………………..

9th GHRSST-PP Science Team Meeting Perros-Guirec, Brittany France, 9-13 June 2008 Future Plan  In-situ measurements of the skin temperature using ISAR

9th GHRSST-PP Science Team Meeting Perros-Guirec, Brittany France, 9-13 June 2008 Thank You!