Unit 6-Chapters 17 & 18 Overveiw.

Communicable Disease:  Communicable disease- A disease that can be to a person from another person, animal, or abject.  Examples:  H1N1 (Swine) Flu  Hantavirus  HIV/AIDS  MRSA  Measles  Pertussis  Rabies  Seasonal Flu  Sexually Transmitted Disease  Tuberculosis  West Nile Virus

Noncommunicable Disease:  Noncommunicable Disease- Diseases that are not transmitted by pathogens.  Examples:diabetes  Obesity  Osteoporosis  Alzheimer  Cancer  Arthritis  Autism  Deafness  Down's Syndrom  Hepatitis

Cancer Treatments:  The best way to treat cancer depends on a number of factors, including the type of cancer, the stage of the disease, and the age and general health of the patient. Doctors may prescribe one or more of the following treatments:  Surgery- to try to remove the whole mass of cancerous cells  Radiation therapy- Radiation therapy uses high-energy radiation to shrink tumors and kill cancer cells (1). X-rays, gamma rays, and charged particles are types of radiation used for cancer treatment  Chemotherapy- Chemotherapy kills cells that are in the process of splitting into 2 new cells. This is how normal body tissues grow. But cancer cells divide much more often than normal cells. So they are more likely to be killed by chemotherapy.  Immunotherapy- PROVENGE is an immunotherapy that takes your own immune cells and reprograms them to attack your advanced prostate cancer. This process delivers a treatment designed just for you.  Hormone Therapy- hormones can kill cancer cells, make cancer cells grow more slowly, or stop them from growing. Hormone therapy as a cancer treatment may involve taking medications that interfere with the activity of the hormone or stop the production of the hormones

High Blood Pressure:  "Blood pressure" is the force of blood pushing against the walls of the arteries as the heart pumps blood. If this pressure rises and stays high over time, it can damage the body in many ways. High blood pressure, or “hypertension”, usually refers to blood pressure that is 140/90 or higher.  What causes high blood pressure?  The exact causes of high blood pressure are not known, but several factors and conditions may play into role in its development, including:  Smoking, being over weight, lack of physical activity, stress, older age, genetics, and too much alcohol/salt.

Histamines & Antihistamines  What are histamines? – chemicals in the body that cause the symptoms of an allergic reaction  What are antihistamines? – medicines that help control the effects triggered by histamines

What is an Allergen?  An allergen is a type of antigen that produces an abnormally vigorous immune response in which the immune system fights off a perceived threat that would otherwise be harmless to the body.

Symptoms of an Asthma Attack:  Asthma is a serious chronic condition that causes air passages in the respiratory system to become narrow or blocked. What happens during an asthma attack is that as your airways become irritated and inflamed, the cells produce more mucus. The thick mucus may clog up the airways.  Symptoms of an asthma attack include:  Wheezing  Coughing that won't stop  Shortness of breath  Tightness in the chest

Diabetes:  Diabetes is a disease that prevents the body from converting food into energy.  Type 1 Diabetes – a condition in which the immune system attacks insulin- producing cells in the pancreas.  Type 2 Diabetes – a condition in which the body cannot effectively use the insulin it produces.

Arthritis:  Arthritis is more than 100 conditions marked by pain and swelling in the body joints  Rheumatoid Arthritus is a chronic disease characterized by pain, inflammation, swelling, and stiffness of the joints. It is the more serious of the two most common forms of arthritis.  Osteoarthritis is a disease that is characterized by the breakdown of the cartilage in joints.

Sources:  Glencoe Teen Health: Course 3/ McGraw Hill    