ANTH/HSERV 475 Perspectives in Medical Anthropology University of WashingtonAlejandro Cerón Week 5: Wed, 7/21/2010

Class outline Student feedback Assignments Personal Account 2: general feedback “Lay” perspective article Posters: examples are online Discussion – concepts of culture, cultural citizenship Readings Briggs, chapters 6 and 7 Janes and Chuluundorj

For class discussion Groups of 3 or 4. The one with the longest full name reports back to larger group Culture Identify key differences between the 3 definitions of culture Share what the article is about and how they are using “culture” Cultural citizenship Discuss the notion of “cultural citizenship” Share what you know about people’s decision to not vaccinate their kids in Washington State or other parts of the world Use the notion of cultural citizenship

From the article “Different Subjects” “Cultural citizenship” “Individuals whose conduct is deemed contrary to the pursuit of a ‘risk free’ existence are likely to be seen, and to see themselves, as lacking self-control, and as therefore not fulfilling their duties as autonomous, responsible citizens […] then citizenship is increasingly defined as the civic duty of the individual to reduce his or her burden on society; or rather, the imputation of responsibility and risk has become a measure of moral worth” (p. 478)

Chapter 6. Containing an Indigenous Invasion: Quarantine in Barrancas Modernity Understandings of modernity are socially constructed Situated and contingent character of modernity and modern hygienic norms (p. 152) Ambiguous uses of the notion of culture Racialization of space and spatialization of race Indigenas in the city portrayed as “acultural” (p. 156) Appertheit logic (p. 157) 2 lessons about public health officials (p ): Professional and concerned (high standards) Lower standards when working with indigenas in the Delta. Why?

Chapter 7. Exile and Internment: The Mariusans on La Tortuga “Indigenas are generally regarded as remnants of Venezuela’s racial and social roots, persons who still dwell in a prior historical realm. For them citizenship is not a present and given reality but a status that is deferred; it lies in a future that can be accessed only once indigenas become modern” (p. 175) Racialized citizenship Two narratives (by press, government officials and missionaries), both denying political agency to Mariusans Alternate versions of brutality and paternalism towards Mariusans

Free Markets and Dead Mothers: The Social Ecology of Maternal Mortality in Post-Socialist Mongolia Looking at links between Neoliberal economic reform Consequent transformations to rural economic system Differential impact on groups of poor, rural women Importance of context Different levels of risk (p. 242) Individual, household, labor, community, regional, country

Stuckler D, King LP, Basu S, 2008 International Monetary Fund Programs and Tuberculosis Outcomes in Post-Communist Countries. PLoS Med 5(7): e143. doi: /journal.pmed

What is neoliberalism? Market fundamentalism “A program for destroying collective structures which may impede the pure market logic” Pierre Bourdieu’s articlePierre Bourdieu’s article ”[policies aiming at turning] the world into one big mall where they can buy Indians here, women there..." and he might have added, children, immigrants, workers or even a whole country like Mexico.” (citing EZLN leader S.C. Marcos) Globalexchange.orgGlobalexchange.org

Reviewing neoliberalism from Prof. Mathew Spark 1. expand free trade - ‘free trade = freedom’ 2. privatize public services - ‘biz efficiency’ 3. deregulate business - ‘cut red tape’ 4. cut public spending - ‘austerity’& ‘shrink government’ 5. reduce and flatten taxes - ‘business friendly climate’ 6. encourage foreign investment - ‘reduce capital controls’ 7. de-unionize - ‘right to work’ & ‘flexibility’ 8. export led development - ‘trade not aid’ 9. reduce inflation - ‘price stability’ 10. property rights - laws against ‘expropriation’ & ‘IPR’ abuse Top-down definition: It is a dominant policy-making rule-set that represents a return, under new global conditions, to the free market liberalism of the 19th c. There are 10 main neoliberal top-down ‘commandments’

Reviewing neoliberalism from Prof. Mathew Spark 1. One must be entrepreneurial 2. One must be self-reliant as well as self-promotional 3. One must be responsible about managing one’s health Bottom up definition: It is a form of government that systematically encourages and rewards forms of subjectivity or self-definition that are individualized There are 3 main neoliberal codes of self-definition