QUBIC- LLAMA Meeting, IAR (Argentina), 12/4/2016 QUBIC- LLAMA Meeting Argentina LLAMA Executive Committee Dr. E. M. Arnal; Dra. C. Cappa; Eng. J.J. Larrate; Dr. R. Morras; and Dr. J. Viramonte

QUBIC- LLAMA Meeting, IAR (Argentina), 12/4/2016 This presentation will mainly address the following issues: Access road construction Energy generation and transport to the summit Connectivity Infrastructure at San Antonio de los Cobres (SAC) Infrastructure at Alto Chorrillos (AC) Other issues

Salta SAC ALMA APEX ASTE Antofagasta Paranal SAC= San Antonio de los Cobres QUBIC- LLAMA Meeting, IAR (Argentina), 12/4/2016

20 km LLAMA site and its surroundings SAC LLAMA Site RN 51 QUBIC- LLAMA Meeting, IAR (Argentina), 12/4/2016

LLAMA Site: General View

QUBIC- LLAMA Meeting, IAR (Argentina), 12/4/2016 LLAMA “0” Site: Access road

QUBIC- LLAMA Meeting, IAR (Argentina), 12/4/2016

Observatory site (Alto Chorrillos)

Ciclo de Coloquios del IAR, 26/8/14 APEX lateral view (LLAMA)

Ciclo de Coloquios del IAR, 26/8/14 Altos Chorrillos

ALMA Rx Bands Ciclo de Coloquios del IAR, 26/8/14

QUBIC- LLAMA Meeting, IAR (Argentina), 12/4/2016 Access Road construction a)All paper work related to the bidding process has been elaborated. b)Time scale for its construction btw 6 to 8 months (depending on weather conditions). c)Bidding will start as soon as funds are allocated to the project by MINCyT. (April 2016?) d)Road may be opened to transit for light vehicles after 3-4 months. Total road length: 6.2 km e) The bidding process will include (Enviromental Impact Study + Executive Project + actual Construction). f) Summit levelling (60m x 60 m area) and secondary road to holography tower will also be included. If budget were made available on April 2016, bidding process may be finished by end of July. If work starts by mid-August access road may be ready by mid- February 2017/mid-April 2017.

QUBIC- LLAMA Meeting, IAR (Argentina), 12/4/2016 Electric energy generation (to be provided by Salta province) a)Energy will be generated by using gas generators (4). b)Gas generators must be as close as possible to gas substation that lowers the gas pressure from the main gas pipeline. c)The gas substation (GS) has to be built as close as possible to the main pipeline (both on technical and financial grounds). d)GS will be able to handle up to 600 m 3 /h, with a maximum and minimum input pressure of 100 and 30 bar, respectively. Output maximum and minimum regulated pressure will be 19 and 4 bar, respectively. e)Energy will be transported from the generation area to the summit via air lines (33 KVA) f)Air lines will run paralell to the access road to easy maintenance. g)Optical fiber (OF) for M&C of GS and the power generation subsystem will go along the air lines to AC. From there, these data will be sent via a microwave link to SAC. h) This work will be done by REMSA SA ( Recursos Energéticos y Mineros Salta S.A). Salta province is the major stakeholder. All paper work related to the bidding process has been elaborated. i) Time scale for this work is 4 to 6 months (depending on weather conditions).

QUBIC- LLAMA Meeting, IAR (Argentina), 12/4/2016 j)A backup diesel generator of nominal 650 KVA power will be in place. If bidding process is launched by mid-April 2016, work may start by end-July, and energy at the summit may be available by mid-November 2016/mid-January 2017.

QUBIC- LLAMA Meeting, IAR (Argentina), 12/4/2016 Energy distribution at AC (to be provided by LLAMA) Engineers and Technicians from IAR will design and construct the distribution panel and the electrical/data network. Design phase will take (rough estimate) around 3 months. Construction and verification in house plus actual construction and verification at site will take around 4 months (depending on weather conditions). Design and actual construction of lightening and grounding protection at both SAC and AC are being considered.

QUBIC- LLAMA Meeting, IAR (Argentina), 12/4/2016 Connectivity Initial phase: 2 Mbps to be negotiated with a private internet provider to avoid using Gendarmeria (not reliable). At present our exit point at SAC is Gendarmeria. To provide a more reliable link, an increase in the transmitter power (at Alto Chorrillos) is under consideration. This may be achieved by doubling the existing number of solar panels Later on a 36 Mbps connection btw AC and SAC will be in place (microwave link). Possible relay station. A high throughput (a few Gbps) optical fiber backbone is being constructed in the area where LLAMA will be installed. The closest point to the observatory may be located 8 km away.

QUBIC- LLAMA Meeting, IAR (Argentina), 12/4/2016 Infrastructure at SAC The Executive Project (EP) for the construction of LLAMA headquarters at SAC is finished. November 2015 was submitted to Salta’s Ministery of Economy. Were bidding process launched by end-April 2016 (depending on when funds are allocated by Salta), start of construction: not before August 2016 due to prevailing weather conditions. Total execution time (First Phase) btw months. Infrastructure construction has four (4) stages. Salta will take care of Stage 1. The others will be on LLAMA Stage may be finished by end May 2017

Laboratorios 3ra. Etapa Dormitorios 3ra. Etapa Laboratorios 2da. Etapa Dormitorios 2da. Etapa Laboratorios Area Social Dormitorios 1ra. Etapa Servicios Sanitarios Acceso 1ra ETAPA 3er. ETAPA 2da. ETAPA 4ta. ETAPA QUBIC- LLAMA Meeting, IAR (Argentina), 12/4/2016

PRIMERA ETAPA 605 m2 Area Social Dormitorios 1ra. Etapa Servicios Sanitarios Acceso QUBIC- LLAMA Meeting, IAR (Argentina), 12/4/2016

SEGUNDA ETAPA 305 m2 Laboratorios QUBIC- LLAMA Meeting, IAR (Argentina), 12/4/2016

TERCERA ETAPA 286 m2 (148 Dormitorios Laboratorios) Laboratorios 2da. Etapa Dormitorios 2da. Etapa QUBIC- LLAMA Meeting, IAR (Argentina), 12/4/2016

Laboratorios 3ra. Etapa Dormitorios 3ra. Etapa CUARTA ETAPA 314m2 (169 Dormitorios Laboratorios) QUBIC- LLAMA Meeting, IAR (Argentina), 12/4/2016

San Antonio de los Cobres QUBIC- LLAMA Meeting, IAR (Argentina), 12/4/2016

San Antonio de los Cobres QUBIC- LLAMA Meeting, IAR (Argentina), 12/4/2016

Infrastructure at Alto Chorrillos (AC) A preliminary version of the Executive Project of the infrastructure at AC is available since October At that time elaboration of final version was put on hold due to lack of funds. If funds were made available by MINCyT along April 2016, the final version of the Executive Project would be available by end of June Paper work related to the bidding process is under way. Impossible to start construction if access road is not available. Estimated construction time around 3 to 4 months (depending on weather conditions). If funds were made available by MINCyT along April 2016, bidding process would start by end of July. Initial work may start by mid /end October Infrastructure may be available by end February or mid- March 2017.

QUBIC- LLAMA Meeting, IAR (Argentina), 12/4/2016 Infrastructure at Alto Chorrillos

QUBIC- LLAMA Meeting, IAR (Argentina), 12/4/2016 Further work carried out at LLAMA Site “0” Water supply a)Water to the Observatory will be provided by a nearby “vega” (3 lts/sec). Bacteriological and Mineral content analysis have shown that this water is “safe water.” In spite of this, a system to add up chlorine will be designed and constructed by INENCO (Salta). Let us dubbed this “reservoir”. An underground cistern with capacity of / litres will be constructed “up-hill” the Observatory, and will provide water by using the difference in altitude btw the cistern and the Observatory (gravity!). Between the “reservoir” and the cistern, water will be transported by a small water wagon. The cistern is being designed by INENCO (La Plata). b)Water to be used in the road construction ( 3000 litres/day) will be provided by a nearby lagoon located 300m below the summit. Analysis of this water has shown to be highly saline. A special permit to use this water has been granted by Salta authorities for one year (enough for the road construction). The system to fill in water trucks is being designed by INENCO (La Plata).

QUBIC- LLAMA Meeting, IAR (Argentina), 12/4/2016 Many Thanks