SOCIETIES OF THE AMERICAS Chapter 1 Section 1

In you opinion, what makes a civilization advanced? WARM UP:

The First People In America Mystery of Migration

The Rise of Civilizations Question/Main IdeasNotes “ First Americans” crossed a land bridge between Siberia and Alaska Groups of people who settled in permanent villages and towns Groups of people who settled in villages or towns but moved every few years in search of food Groups of people who moved continually in search of food First great American civilization that emerged in Mesoamerica (1200 BC and 400 BC)

COMPARING SOCIETIES SedentarySemisedentaryNonsedentary Food Large-scale farming Farming and hunting Hunter-gatherers Settlements Large cities Small villages No permanent settlement Population>1,000,000>100<10,000<100 Government Political leaders enforce laws, taxes Some political leaders to enforce laws, taxes No political leaders, laws, or taxes

Question/Main IdeasNotes Ruled after the Olmec between AD 250 and 900. Made advances in architecture, constructed large cities, giant temples, vast marketplaces. More workers available for cities, cultivating farms, storing food, serve in immense armies Rivers drying up, volcanic eruptions, disease, warfare, famine. The Rise of Civilizations (cont.)

The Rise and Fall of the Aztec Question/Main IdeasNotes Located in what is now Mexico. Montezuma ruled between 1502 and 1520 Tenochtitlán, was an island in Lake Texcoco. It was built on logs and mud and served as a natural fortress for more that 140,000 people Small communities united by the military alliances. Enforced new laws, collected taxes, and demanded a share of crops and labor.

The Inca Empire Question/Main IdeasNotes It is located in present day Peru. This vast civilization included as many as 10,000,000 people. Created a new political system and many cultural and scientific advances. Accurate calendar, an early clock, a system of paved roads.

Inuits

Pueblo

Iroquois & Algonquin

Native North Americans Question/Main IdeasNotes They lived in present day Alaska on the frozen tundra in homes made of ice. Whales, seals, and walrus were used for food, fuel, and clothing Lived in multi-storied mud-brick houses under mountain cliffs for protection from the sun and enemies. Used irrigation systems for large farms Built large villages and farms. A process of chopping down trees and burning the land to clear it.

Early Native American Life Animated History  What does this image fo the market and its environment tell you about the size and culture of Tenochtitlán?  How did merchants bring their goods to market?  Why do you think the Aztecs built their capital city on an island?  How are Tenochtitlán and Mexico city alike?

 Imagine that you have entered Tenochtitlán for the first time. Write a first-hand account of your impressions.  Include the following:  How you got there  What you see  What impressed you the most