 Acid: Solutions that have more H⁺ ions than water and have pH values less than 7.

 Hydrochloric acid - Strong, stomach acid helps to digestion.  Nitric acid – Strong, fertilizers  Sulfuric acid – Strong, car batteries  Lactic acid – Weak, in your muscles after exercise.  Citric Acid – Weak, fruit  Acetic Acid - Weak, vinegar.

 Base: Solutions that have less H⁺ ions than water and have a pH above 7.

Lye : strong, used in cleaning products. Baking soda weak, reacts with oleic acid found in butter and oil it produces a gas. These gas bubbles create the holes found in muffins and cakes!

 pH Scale: a measurement system that indicates the concentration of H⁺ ions in a solution. Ranges from 1 (acidic)- 14 (basic) Water is neutral with a pH of 7.

Oven cleaner Bleach Ammonia solution Soap Sea water Human blood Pure water Milk Normal rainfall Acid rain Tomato juice Lemon juice Stomach acid Neutral Increasingly Basic Increasingly Acidic

 Buffer  Buffer: a weak acid or base that can react with strong acids or bases to prevent sharp, sudden changes in pH. The human body must maintain a pH between 6.5 and 7.5 in order to function properly.