ENFORCEMENT DIVISION DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT MALAYSIA SEMINAR AMALAN INDUSTRI HIJAU dan pengeluaran bersih-riveR of life 26 mac 2015 Environmental quality act 1974:the role of department of environment ENFORCEMENT DIVISION DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT MALAYSIA

Environmental Conservation for the well-being of the people DOE - VISION Environmental Conservation for the well-being of the people

To ensure sustainable development in the process of nation building DOE - MISSION To ensure sustainable development in the process of nation building

Establishment of EQA 1974 & DOE 14 March 1974 1 April 1975 15 September 1975 1 March 1976 1983 Establishment of EQA 1974 & DOE 27 March 2004 Named as Department of Environment Division of Environment under Ministry of Science, Technology & the Environment Division of Environment under Ministry of Local Government & Environment EQA came into force Gazetment of the Environmental Quality Act (EQA) Department of Environment placed under the Ministry of Natural Resources & the Environment

ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY ACT 1974 The Environmental Quality Act, 1974 was enacted to prevent, abate, control pollution and enhance the quality of environment The Department of Environment administer and enforce the EQA 1974, and Section IV of the Economic Exclusive Zone Act 1984

PRINCIPLE ADOPTED IN THE FORMULATION OF EQA PREMIS/INDUSTRY-Pollution should be controlled at source POLULTER PAY PRINCIPAL-Polluters must pay or bear the cost of their pollution control STANDARDS SETS-sets may be contravened in certain circumstances provided that it does not adversely affect the environment VARIALBLE STANDARADS-may be specified if the uniform standards is inadequate to protect the environment

ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY ACT, 1974 37 subsidiary environmental regulations introduced to deal with specific issues ranging from - agro-based and manufacturing industries, - air emissions from stationary & mobile sources, - noise from motor vehicles - management of scheduled wastes - environmental impact assessment. Coverage

Regulations/Orders under EQA 1974 CONTROL OF WATER POLLUTION FROM AGRO-BASED INDUSTRY EQ (Licensing) Reg. 1977 EQ (Prescribed Premises) (Crude Palm Oil) Reg. 1977 EQ (Prescribed Premises) (Raw Natural Rubber) Reg. 1978 CONTROL OF WATER POLLUTION FROM MUNICIPAL & INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER EQ (Industrial Effluent) Reg 2009 EQ (Sewage) Regulations 2009 EQ (Control of Pollution from Solid Waste Transfer Station & Landfill) CONTROL OF AIR POLLUTION EQ (Clean Air) Reg 1978 EQ (Declared Activities) (Open Burning) Order 2003 EQ (Dioxin & Furan) Reg 2004 CONTROL OF POLLUTION FROM MOTOR VEHICLES EQ (Control of Emission from Diesel Engines) Reg 1996 EQ (Control of Emission from Petrol Engines) Reg 1996 EQ (Control of Emission from Motorcycles) Reg 2003 EQ ( Motor Vehicle Noise) Reg 1987 EQ (Control of Lead Concentration in Motor Gasoline) Reg 1985 CONTROL OF TOXIC & HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES EQ (Scheduled Wastes) Reg 2005 EQ (Prescribed Premises) (Scheduled Wastes Treatment & Disposal Facilities) Reg 1989 EQ (Prescribed Premises) (Scheduled Wastes Treatment & Disposal Facilities) Order 1989 EQ (Prohibition on the Use of Controlled Substance in Soap, Synthetic Detergent and Other Cleaning Agents) Order 1995 SUBSTANCES THAT DEPLETES OZONE LAYER EQ (Prohibition on the Use of Chlorofluorocarbons & Other Gases as Propellants & Blowing Agents) Order 1993 EQ (Refrigerant Management) Reg 1999 EQ (Halon Management) Reg 1999 Regulations/Orders under EQA 1974 Others: EIA Order Marine Pollution Control Delegation of Powers

OBJECTIVES OF EQA 1974 & APPROACHES Section 19 – Prohibition against causing vehicles, ship or premises to become prescribed conveyance or prescribed premises Section 34A – Report on impact on environment resulting from prescribed activities ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY ACT 1974 PREVENTION OF POLLUTION ABATEMENT OF POLLUTION CONTROL OF POLLUTION ENHANCEMENT OF THE ENVIRONMENT Section 30A – Power to control use of substance and product & to state environmental labeling Section 30B – Power to specify rules on deposit & rebate schemes Section 36A – Research Cess Section 47 – Power of recovery of costs & expenses. Section 3 – Environmental Protection Policy, Issuance of license, research etc. Licensing Acceptable Conditions Prohibition Environmental Audit The Department of Environment’s main role is to prevent, control, abate pollution and enhancement of the environment through the enforcement of the EQA 1974, and its 37 subsidiary legislations.

Pollution prevention & control Non point sources Point sources

ONLY 20-30% OF THE POLLUTION SOURCES SUBJECTED to eqa 1974 ONLY 20-30% OF THE POLLUTION SOURCES SUBJECTED to eqa 1974. HENCE UNDER DOE’S JURISDICTION. The rest are not!

TOXIC & HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT (SCHEDULED WASTE) Item Success Challenges Contaminated Site Study on Criteria & Standards for Managing and Restoring Contaminated Lands in Malaysia. As a result of the study, a contaminated land management framework which includes soil screening guidelines values and a series of guidelines were developed to enable proper assessment and management of contaminated site in Malaysia. Assessment of sites & clean up. New regulation to be developed. Household Hazardous Waste Solid Waste Composition Study – Total of Household Hazardous Waste = 1.3% E-waste collection Buy back programmes Alienated E-waste Cooperation with Local Authorities Clinical Waste Cooperation with MoH

Sewage Treatment PLANT (STP) Item Challenges O& G Removal Facility/Technology Illegal discharge containing high O&G into the centralised STP clogging/upset the biological treatment system STP cannot comply to the DOE’s discharge standard Sewage Sludge (Biosolids) Management High in nutrient No standard yet for sewage sludge treatment Cannot be disposed of at edible crops (MoH) Written approval given from DOE for sludge disposal Many current cases – disposal into landfill Application for use of fertilizers increasing Co-treatment of Biosolids and Food Waste (FW) in Anaerobic Digester to produce methane gas Food waste – highest in the solid waste composition Limited landfill space Alternative – pilot project FW + Biosolids = Methane Gas (Co-exist with STP)

AMENDMENTS OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY ACT (2012) Item Challenges Power to Arrest Procedures Development of SOP Formation of special team to arrest Training for the special team & enforcement officers Preparation of Investigation Paper (IP) Prosecution Standard Operating Procedure to guide officers More cases being challenged in court Informer Identified /appointment officers as handlers Handling & protection of informers Assessment of informers/Information given Assessment of information to be granted for payments Cases & amount of monetary reward to informers Procedure of payments to informers

POLLUTION PREVENTION & CONTROL Item Challenges Point Sources of Pollution PS not subjected to EQA e.g Food Services Establishment (FSE), Wet Markets, Animal Farming , etc has been identified as significant water pollution sources. Enforcement implemented according to river basin – Need coordination among the relevant agencies Education/Awareness programme & information dissemination – developing special programmes for FSE operators on O&G management, using & maintenance of FOG trap, farmers and their association, NGOs, surrounding public, RAS and 3P Non Point Sources of Pollution Formulation of Environmental Quality (Control of Suspended Solids) Regulations 20XX (Draft) Self Regulation & Self Monitoring Notification – no more processing by DOE 3 types of notification – Notice of Intent, Notice of Termination & Notice of Abandonment Big scale projects – Competent person & Environmental Officer Small scale projects – Guidelines & Guidance Documents Proof occurrence of ‘accelerated erosion’ – sampling/ photographs/ expert’s inspection Discharge – at any point at the boundary of the project shall comply to standard Delegation of powers to DID officers – enforcement of erosion & sedimentation control under1NRE Enforcement programmes (6 January 2013) Training provided by DOE Training Center (EiMAS) Draf Perintah Kualiti Alam Sekeliling (Pewakilan Kuasa) (Penyiasatan Ke Atas Kawalan Hakisan dan Kelodakan) 20XX Pewakilan Kuasa Untuk Penguatkuasaan Syarat-syarat Berkaitan Kawalan Hakisan & Kelodakan Bagi Projek-projek Yang Tertakluk Kepada EIA (6 January 2013)

STRATEGIES TOWARDS COMPLIANCE To identify cleaner production options; eliminate, reduce, reuse, recycle PRODUCTION PROCESS APPLICATION (LINE) Draf Perintah Kualiti Alam Sekeliling (Pewakilan Kuasa) (Penyiasatan Ke Atas Kawalan Hakisan dan Kelodakan) 20XX Pewakilan Kuasa Untuk Penguatkuasaan Syarat-syarat Berkaitan Kawalan Hakisan & Kelodakan Bagi Projek-projek Yang Tertakluk Kepada EIA (6 January 2013)

STRATEGIES TOWARDS COMPLIANCE – SELF REGULATORY APPROACH Three prerequisites for success in POLLUTION CONTROL: IETS Stage I (design stage) -Adequate design Stage II (construction stage) -Adequate quality of construction Stage III (Operation stage) -Proper operation, preventive maintenance (plus performance monitoring) Draf Perintah Kualiti Alam Sekeliling (Pewakilan Kuasa) (Penyiasatan Ke Atas Kawalan Hakisan dan Kelodakan) 20XX Pewakilan Kuasa Untuk Penguatkuasaan Syarat-syarat Berkaitan Kawalan Hakisan & Kelodakan Bagi Projek-projek Yang Tertakluk Kepada EIA (6 January 2013)

STRATEGIES TOWARDS COMPLIANCE – SELF REGULATORY APPROACH ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY (INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENT) REGULATIONS 2009 Reg. 4 – Notification DESIGN & CONSTRUCTION Reg. 5 - Design to comply with guidance document on design and operation of IETS, construction supervised by PE Draf Perintah Kualiti Alam Sekeliling (Pewakilan Kuasa) (Penyiasatan Ke Atas Kawalan Hakisan dan Kelodakan) 20XX Pewakilan Kuasa Untuk Penguatkuasaan Syarat-syarat Berkaitan Kawalan Hakisan & Kelodakan Bagi Projek-projek Yang Tertakluk Kepada EIA (6 January 2013)

STRATEGIES TOWARDS COMPLIANCE – SELF REGULATORY APPROACH ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY (INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENT) REGULATIONS 2009 OPERATION & MAINTENANCE Reg. 6 - IETS complies with specifications in guidance document Reg.8 – IETS operated & maintained with sound engineering practice to ensure good working condition Reg.10 – Operation supervised by competent person CePIETSO(BP), CePIETSO(PCP) Draf Perintah Kualiti Alam Sekeliling (Pewakilan Kuasa) (Penyiasatan Ke Atas Kawalan Hakisan dan Kelodakan) 20XX Pewakilan Kuasa Untuk Penguatkuasaan Syarat-syarat Berkaitan Kawalan Hakisan & Kelodakan Bagi Projek-projek Yang Tertakluk Kepada EIA (6 January 2013)

STRATEGIES TOWARDS COMPLIANCE – SELF REGULATORY APPROACH ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY (INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENT) REGULATIONS 2009 PERFORMANCE MONITORING Reg. 9 - Conduct performance monitoring as in guidance document on PM of IETS Draf Perintah Kualiti Alam Sekeliling (Pewakilan Kuasa) (Penyiasatan Ke Atas Kawalan Hakisan dan Kelodakan) 20XX Pewakilan Kuasa Untuk Penguatkuasaan Syarat-syarat Berkaitan Kawalan Hakisan & Kelodakan Bagi Projek-projek Yang Tertakluk Kepada EIA (6 January 2013)

Performance monitoring of Biological Processes 3 different types of monitoring parameters To ensure biological process are functioning optimally e.g: pH, DO and nutrients To provide diagnostic check on the health status of various unit operations and unit processes e.g: MLSS & MLVSS, SVI To indicate overall efficiency of the treatment system e.g: BOD & COD

Performance Monitoring and Testing Guide for Biological Unit Processes Activated Sludge PH Daily DO Daily MLSS Daily/weekly MLVSS Weekly OXYGEN UPTAKE Weekly NUTRIENTS Weekly SVI Weekly

COMPLIANCE MONITORING PERFORMANCE MONITORING VS COMPLIANCE MONITORING Downstream activity Product focused Result focused ‘Too late’ information Process control PERFORMANCE MONITORING Upstream activity Ingredient focused Process focused ‘Early warning’ information In control of process

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