SPANISH PRONUNCIATION AND ACCENT MARKS Clyne 2012.

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Presentation transcript:

SPANISH PRONUNCIATION AND ACCENT MARKS Clyne 2012

PRONUNCIATION  Pronunciation is easy once you memorize the rules…  1. If a word has an accent mark, stress the marked vowel. (So easy, right?)

PRONUNCIATION  2. If a word is not accented with an accent mark, the stress goes on the last syllable, unless…

PRONUNCIATION  3. …the last letter of the word is a vowel, n or s then the stress goes on the second-to-last syllable.

 Most Spanish words end in a vowel, n or s, so the stress will normally be on the next-to- last syllable.  Because Spanish has this rule, you never have to guess how to pronounce it!!  English poses several problems…

ENGLISH!!!! AHHHHH!!  Think of the word: Convict  Think of the word : Read  Think of the word: Offence  Think of the word: Minute  Accent marks would be most helpful!!

YOU DO THIS IN ENGLISH WITHOUT THINKING!  English is HARD because it does not have accents!

SPANISH ACCENT RULES

THERE ARE 3 BASIC RULES

RULE #1  If a word ends in –n, -s or a vowel …  AND is stressed on the last syllable, it needs an accent mark.

 Limón=lemon  Jamón=ham  Jamás=never  Mamá=mom  Papá=dad FOR EXAMPLE:  These words all have 2 syllables but the stress is on the end.

 Hablar=to speak  Pastel=cake  Reloj=watch (wristwatch) THESE DO NOT NEED AN ACCENT MARK…  The stress is on the LAST syllable BUT the words do not end in –n, -s or a vowel!

RULE #2  If a word is stressed on the second-to-last syllable…  AND it does not end in –n, -s, or a vowel, it needs an accent mark!!

HINT:  Rule #1 and #2 are opposites…right?

 Cárcel=jail  Difícil=difficult  Inútil=useless  Árbol=tree FOR EXAMPLE:  TWO syllable words, they end in consonants other than –n or –s!  They are stressed on the second-to-last syllable

 These words are stressed in the second syllable BUT they end in a vowel! THESE WORDS DO NOT NEED ACCENT MARKS  tomate-=tomato  Arte=art  Todo=everything

RULE #3  EVERY word stressed on the third to last syllable needs an accent mark.

FOR EXAMPLE:  Pájaro=bird  Brújula=compass  Propósito=purpose  Ópera=opera

EXCEPTIONS…OF COURSE:  Some words need accents to have a different meaning…  You have bumped into several of these already.

FOR EXAMPLE:  Tu=your  Tú=you  Si=if  Sí=yes  El=the  Él=he

ALSO…  Se, can be a reflexive pronoun  BUT sé means I know  AND sé can be ser in command form!!  Te, can be a reflexive pronoun  BUT té=tea

DON’T FORGET…  Papa=potato  Papá=dad  Pápa=the Pope

NOW LET’S PRACTICE!

 Sofa  Tambien  Papa  Mesa  pajaro ACCENT OR NO ACCENT? IF SO, WHERE?  Mujer  Reloj  Pescado  cancion

 Sofá  También  Papá  Mesa  pájaro ACCENT OR NO ACCENT? IF SO, WHERE?  Mujer  Reloj  Pescado  canción

 Dímelo  Háblame  Cierra  Sigue  reloj TEXT PAGE 90  Continua  Hazla  Cómpraselas  Ábremelos  Espéranos  Sé

DONE  Relax…not too bad, right?  It gets easier with practice…