Clandestine Lab Safety and Awareness Instructor and Information

Course Overview and Objectives Understand the History of Methamphetamine Recognize Methamphetamine Labs Understand Methamphetamine Cooking Methods Understand the Dangers of Methamphetamine Labs

Video Clip Excerpt From: Salton Sea

History of Methamphetamine P2P Method Ephedrine Reduction Method

Methamphetamine Labs: The History 1887: First Synthesized - (Made from the drug ephedrine, an organic substance used as a medicine in China for centuries.) 1932: Sold in the U.S. as a nasal spray for treatment of inflammation of nasal passages. 1937: Used in tablet form to treat Narcolepsy (Spontaneous Sleep Disorder) Each item will appear upon left mouse click or the “Page Down” key. 1930s-'40s: First epidemic of Methamphetamine abuse (Used by Allied and Axis troops to improve soldiers' performance. Major problem in Japan after World War II)

Methamphetamine Labs: P2P Method 1960s: Second epidemic of Methamphetamine abuse P2P METHOD Required 72 hrs for Cooking Caused Strong Odors Required Knowledge of Chemistry Required Elaborate Lab Operations Required Remote Locations

Methamphetamine Labs: P2P Method 1960s: Second epidemic of Methamphetamine abuse NOT THE CURRENT PROBLEM! P2P Methamphetamine “Biker Dope” is virtually extinct!

Methamphetamine Labs: Ephedrine Reduction Method 1960s: Second epidemic of Methamphetamine abuse Early 1980s: Ephedrine/Pseudo-ephedrine Reduction becomes the method of choice for manufacturing Methamphetamine. Left mouse click OR “page down” to have the methamphetamine graphic appear.

Methamphetamine Labs: Ephedrine Reduction Method 1960s: Second epidemic of Methamphetamine abuse Early 1980s: Ephedrine/Pseudo-ephedrine Reduction becomes the method of choice for manufacturing Methamphetamine.

Methamphetamine Labs: Ephedrine Reduction Method 1960s: Second epidemic of Methamphetamine abuse Early 1980s: Ephedrine/Pseudo-ephedrine Reduction becomes the method of choice for manufacturing Methamphetamine. ADVANTAGES: Faster Production (8 hrs) Odors Not as Strong Easier to Obtain Chemicals Produces Better Quality Methamphetamine than the P2P Method

Recognition of Methamphetamine Labs Locations Equipment Chemicals

Video Clip Excerpt From: California Department of Criminal Justice “The Hidden Dangers of Meth Labs” 2000

Recognition of Clandestine Labs Clandestine Lab Awareness Course Recognition of Clandestine Drug Laboratories

ANYWHERE and EVERYWHERE! Locations of Drug Labs Common Locations In suburban areas Hotels Motels Apartments In rural areas Along transportation routes Inside vehicles and conveyances ANYWHERE and EVERYWHERE!

Equipment in Methamphetamine Labs Hardware Glassware Other equipment

The Cooking Methods Red Phosphorous Anhydrous Ammonia Ephedrine/Pseudo Iodine Anhydrous Ammonia Lithium or Sodium Metal

Red Phosphorus Method - Processes and Hazards Precursor Reagents Extraction Separation Cooking Acid to Base Salting out

Sources of Ephedrine & “Pseudo” Precursor Chemicals Sources of Ephedrine & “Pseudo”

Sources of Ephedrine & “Pseudo” Precursor Chemicals Sources of Ephedrine & “Pseudo”

Precursor Chemicals 680 Tablets are needed to produce one ounce of Methamphetamine Source: D.E.A.

PSEUDO-EPHEDRINE THEFT ISSUE Video Clip 9 News Report PSEUDO-EPHEDRINE THEFT ISSUE Denver, CO

Commercial grade red phosphorous Red Phosphorous Method REAGENTS RED PHOSPHOROUS is the most common type of phosphorous used in meth labs. Commercial grade red phosphorous

Red Phosphorous Method REAGENTS RED PHOSPHOROUS extraction most often from the striker plates of matches.

IODINE CRYSTAL EXTRACTION Red Phosphorous Method REAGENTS IODINE CRYSTAL EXTRACTION

Red Phosphorous Method REAGENTS IODINE

RED PHOSPHOROUS extraction can be a very dangerous process… Red Phosphorous Method RED PHOSPHOROUS extraction can be a very dangerous process…

NOTE: The explosion shot an aluminum can through the table… Red Phosphorous Method Washington State motel where an explosion occurred during red phosphorous extraction from matchbooks. NOTE: The explosion shot an aluminum can through the table…

The injured suspect waiting for hospital transport… Red Phosphorous Method Washington State motel where an explosion occurred during red phosphorous extraction from matchbooks. The injured suspect waiting for hospital transport… Photo: Washington State Patrol S.I.R.T.

“I was just watching T.V. and something blew up.” Red Phosphorous Method Suspect says, “I was just watching T.V. and something blew up.” Photo: Washington State Patrol S.I.R.T.

Red Phosphorous Method Precursor Extraction

Red Phosphorous Method Precursor Extraction GRIND TABLETS

Red Phosphorous Method Precursor Extraction Tablet extraction and other reactions in the pantry of an rental house.

SEPARATE LIQUID & COOK OFF SOLVENT Red Phosphorous Method Separation SEPARATE LIQUID & COOK OFF SOLVENT

Red Phosphorous Method Cooking

Meth cook Broomfield Colorado Red Phosphorous Method National Jewish & NMTF Meth cook Broomfield Colorado 2003

Containers may explode when heated! Red Phosphorous Method Initial Reaction RESIDUAL GASSES (Always present): Toxic - May be fatal if inhaled or absorbed through the skin. Flammable - May be ignited by heat, sparks, or flame. Containers may explode when heated!

Red Phosphorous Method Cooking - Hazards Initial reaction, in a home, set up using a coffee pot as the reaction vessel.

Red Phosphorous Method Cooking - Hazards Initial reaction set up in a home. Note the way this has been tied to the main gas line for the house.

VENT BAGS Red Phosphorous Method Cooking - Hazards Also referred to as “DEATH BAGS” Commonly contain phosphine gas Mobile Home Lab

Red Phosphorous Method Cooking - Hazards A “push-pull” type of vent apparatus located in a mobile home lab in Colorado.

Meth cook Broomfield Colorado Red Phosphorous Method Acid to Base National Jewish & NMTF Meth cook Broomfield Colorado 2003

COMMON SOLVENTS USED IN VARIOUS STAGES OF THE PROCESS Red Phosphorous Method Acid to Base to Salt Out COMMON SOLVENTS USED IN VARIOUS STAGES OF THE PROCESS

SEPARATE FOR SOLVENT LAYER Red Phosphorous Method Acid to Base to Salt Out SEPARATE FOR SOLVENT LAYER

Meth Cook Broomfield Colorado Red P & Anhydrous Method National Jewish & NMTF Meth Cook Broomfield Colorado 2003

HOMEMADE HYDROCHLORIC ACID GAS GENERATORS Red P & Anhydrous Method SALTING OUT (aka “RECOVERY”) HOMEMADE HYDROCHLORIC ACID GAS GENERATORS

Combining Muriatic Acid and aluminum metal will create HCl Gas Red P & Anhydrous Method Combining Muriatic Acid and aluminum metal will create HCl Gas

Combining Sulfuric Acid and salt will create HCl Gas Red P & Anhydrous Method Combining Sulfuric Acid and salt will create HCl Gas SULFURIC ACID

Combining Sulfuric Acid and salt will create HCl Gas Red P & Anhydrous Method Combining Sulfuric Acid and salt will create HCl Gas

Varies in Appearance, Texture and Quality Methamphetamine Varies in Appearance, Texture and Quality

Anhydrous Ammonia Method Processes and Hazards Reaction Overview Chemicals and Methods Dangers

Anhydrous Ammonia Method Reaction No Heat “Mason Jar” Chemistry No Red Stains Heavy Frost on Reaction Vessel Ammonia Smell Outside or Well Ventilated Area

Anhydrous Ammonia Method Chemicals Anhydrous Ammonia Lithium or Sodium Metal Solvents

ANHYDROUS MEANS WITHOUT WATER CONCENTRATED FORM OF CHEMICAL Anhydrous Ammonia Method REAGENTS ANHYDROUS MEANS WITHOUT WATER CONCENTRATED FORM OF CHEMICAL = Large tanks containing Anhydrous Ammonia found at farming CO-OP’s and farm fields.

AMMONIA WITH LITHIUM OR SODIUM METAL Anhydrous Ammonia Method REAGENTS AMMONIA WITH LITHIUM OR SODIUM METAL NICKNAMES… “AMMONIA” METHOD “NAZI” METHOD BIRCH METHOD

Anhydrous Ammonia Method Ammonia Cook

LITHIUM BATTERIES FOR LITHIUM METAL STRIPS Anhydrous Ammonia Method LITHIUM BATTERIES FOR LITHIUM METAL STRIPS

Missouri State Highway Patrol Anhydrous Ammonia Method Missouri State Highway Patrol

Anhydrous Ammonia Method Uncoiled ribbon which is found inside the battery holding the lithium metal strip.

Anhydrous Ammonia Method Discarded battery casings after the lithium metal has been extracted. From a tow yard lab.

Heavy frost on jars or containers Anhydrous Ammonia Method Heavy frost on jars or containers

The water reactive nature of lithium metal. Video Clip Training Example: The water reactive nature of lithium metal.

Anhydrous Ammonia Method A Propane tank used to store Anhydrous Ammonia found in a tow yard lab.

CORROSION = EXTREME DANGER OF EXPLOSION AND RELEASE Anhydrous Ammonia Method CORROSION = EXTREME DANGER OF EXPLOSION AND RELEASE

Photo: Washington State Patrol S.I.R.T. Anhydrous Ammonia Method April 8, 2001 Ashford (Mt. Rainier) Car fire, propane tank contained anhydrous ammonia. The explosion raised the roof of the car about 24 inches. Photo: Washington State Patrol S.I.R.T.

Anhydrous Ammonia Method A Propane tank’s corroded valve breaks hitting this man in the face while releasing anhydrous ammonia. Photo: State of Iowa

Anhydrous Ammonia Method As he took a startled breath, the anhydrous ammonia began dissolving his lung tissue which ran onto his face while he died. Photo: State of Iowa

Trooper exposed during vehicle search Video Clip Trooper exposed during vehicle search

Recognition of Dangers of Methamphetamine Labs Chemicals Involved Flammability Incompatible Compounds Lab Site Itself Nature of the Addicts But also, the After Effects….

The Lingering Concerns Regarding Meth Labs Video Clip Excerpt From: “Inside Edition” The Lingering Concerns Regarding Meth Labs This clip will show that even after the manufacturing process itself, contamination lingers and can affect innocent people…especially children.

Manufacturing Methamphetamine is EXTREMELY Hazardous! Even DEADLY! Conclusion Manufacturing Methamphetamine is EXTREMELY Hazardous! Even DEADLY!

QUESTIONS?