Water supply definitions Water supply definitions Four Basic components of a water supply system Four Basic components of a water supply system Methods of moving water Methods of moving water Label parts of a distribution system Label parts of a distribution system State pipe sizes for residential, business, and industrial State pipe sizes for residential, business, and industrial Identify types of water main valves Identify types of water main valves

List two types of friction loss in water mains List two types of friction loss in water mains Distinguish between wet-barrel and dry-barrel fire hydrants Distinguish between wet-barrel and dry-barrel fire hydrants List conditions that reduce hydrant effectiveness List conditions that reduce hydrant effectiveness Describe water shuttle and water relay Describe water shuttle and water relay Fully open and close a hydrant safely Fully open and close a hydrant safely Measure and record hydrant flows Measure and record hydrant flows Describe proper equipment and positioning of apparatus for drafting from a static source Describe proper equipment and positioning of apparatus for drafting from a static source

History of Water Systems Aqueduct Aqueduct Bucket Brigades Bucket Brigades Wells and reservoirs Wells and reservoirs Log Pipes Log Pipes

Source of Supply Mechanical or means of moving water Treatment Facilities Distribution and Storage System “What are four major components of a Water Supply System?”

Direct pumping Direct pumping Gravity Gravity Combination pumping and Gravity Combination pumping and Gravity

? “Does all water need to be treated ?” “What are some methods used by treatment facilities ?” “What is the fire department’s main concern regarding treatment facilities ?”

Primary Feeders Primary Feeders Secondary Feeders Secondary Feeders Distributors Distributors

Distribution System Distribution System Dead-end hydrant Dead-end hydrant Circulating feed Circulating feed Grid system Grid system

“What is the function of a valve in a water distribution system?” “What should valve spacing be in high-value districts? In other areas?” “How does a firefighter know where the water system valves are located?”

“What are the two broad categories valves ?”

Construction materials: Cast iron, ductile iron, asbestos cement, steel, plastic, concrete, steel or reinforced concrete Construction materials: Cast iron, ductile iron, asbestos cement, steel, plastic, concrete, steel or reinforced concrete Conditions that require extra protection Conditions that require extra protection Internal surface material and resistance to water flow Internal surface material and resistance to water flow

“What is friction loss?” “What are the main causes of decreased pipe size and increased friction loss in distribution mains?”

Static Pressure Static Pressure “Stored potential energy that is available to force water through pipe, fittings, fire hose and adaptors” Normal Operating Pressure Normal Operating Pressure “Normal operating pressure that is in the system during normal consumption demands” Residual Pressure Residual Pressure “That pressure available after flow is accomplished through pipes, fittings, fire hose and adaptors” Flow Pressure Flow Pressure “That forward velocity pressure at a discharge opening while water is flowing”

“ What are bonnets, barrels and footpieces made of ?” Cast Iron “ What are the valves facings made of ?” Rubber, leather or composition “ What are working parts made of ?” Bronze

Hydrant markings should be simple and system easily recognizable. Red Red Less than 500 gpm Orange Orange Green Green Light Blue Light Blue1500-above

Check for any obstructions that have been placed Check for any obstructions that have been placed Check outlets for direction and clear of ground Check outlets for direction and clear of ground Check to see if damaged by traffic or sitting too close to curb Check to see if damaged by traffic or sitting too close to curb Check condition of the paint and if it conforms Check condition of the paint and if it conforms

Tighten all caps Tighten all caps Do not stand in front of caps Do not stand in front of caps Do not lean over top Do not lean over top Close hydrant slowly Close hydrant slowly Check downstream for drainage Check downstream for drainage Check for flow across street Check for flow across street

Water supply definitions Water supply definitions Four Basic components of a water supply system Four Basic components of a water supply system Methods of moving water Methods of moving water Label parts of a distribution system Label parts of a distribution system State pipe sizes for residential, business, and industrial State pipe sizes for residential, business, and industrial Identify types of water main valves Identify types of water main valves

List two types of friction loss in water mains List two types of friction loss in water mains Distinguish between wet-barrel and dry-barrel fire hydrants Distinguish between wet-barrel and dry-barrel fire hydrants List conditions that reduce hydrant effectiveness List conditions that reduce hydrant effectiveness Describe water shuttle and water relay Describe water shuttle and water relay Fully open and close a hydrant safely Fully open and close a hydrant safely Measure and record hydrant flows Measure and record hydrant flows Describe proper equipment and positioning of apparatus for drafting from a static source Describe proper equipment and positioning of apparatus for drafting from a static source

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