Vocabulary Alfalfa: A perennial, leguminous herb used as forage and hay. Catkins: A drooping, spike or raceme on flowers that lack petals, eaten by some species of birds. Comb: Fleshy crest or area on the heads of some birds. Legumes: A family of plants with many valuable food and forage species, such as peas, soybeans, and peanuts. Monogamous: Having only one mate. Roosts: Area or place where birds rest; particularly at night. Sagebrush: Herb-like, bushy plants, native to the western and southwestern United States. Spurs: A bony protuberance on the lower leg of some birds; used as a weapon by males during territory or breeding disputes.

Turkey (tom) weigh 18-25lbs toms have a bigger body with more color in there tail they also have a beard hens don’t have bright colors like the toms they also don’t have spurs (hens) weigh 10-16lbs with brown to tan colors

Hungarian Partridge Perdix perdix Also know as the gray partridge. It is not native to Wisconsin, it originated in Czechoslavakia. They are inches in length and weigh nearly one pound. The feathers are brown and gray and the chest is a chestnut and white colored breast. Birds are usually found in coveys. They prefer open areas, farmlands, and brush. They eat various small plants, seeds, insects, and some agricultural vegetation.

Bobwhite Quail Red brown color with darker spots and scaling and lighter bellies Males have a distinctive white throat and narrow white bands from the beak back over the eyes They prefer to live on Field edges particularly where cropland meets grassland Young Quail feed on insects Adult Quail feed on weed seeds and insects

They are a large bird. Mottled pale brown with some black spots. Their bellies are a lighter colored then the rest of their bodies. They have a long tail. They are about 17inches in length. They can be found in the Midwest and Canada. Grasslands, prairies, brush, and woodlands. They eat a variety of plants, insects, fruits, seeds, and grains

Morning Dove 10 to 13 in. 3.5 to 5 ounces Slate gray in color, with a buff, pinkish breast and belly. Black spots on back and sides. Found everywhere. Eat sunflowers, and grains Live 6 to 9 years

Chukar 10 inches in length, Stocky, ground-dwelling quail with short, rounded wings, short thick red bill, red eye ring, black band above bill through the eye and across the upper neck, white belly red legs and feet introduced from Europe and in many western states like Nevada, Oregon, Washington, Idaho, Wyoming, western Colorado, and eastern California

Chukar Live in bare rocky slopes, talus slopes, bluffs, cliffs, and rocky outcroppings. They eat seeds and leaves of cheatgrass, also eat leaves of alfalfa and sweet clover female lays on egg every day or two until her clutch is complete. Clutch size varies from 10 to more than 20 eggs. Incubation takes about 24 days, and the hen leads the chicks away from the nest as soon as they are dry.

Gambles Quail Another of the crested of plumed quails. Males have a prominent black, forward-curving plume atop a reddish-brown cap. Found in in the desert of southwest feed on a wide variety of legume and weed seeds. Seeds, leave, flowers.

Willow Ptarmigan Widespread in the Arctic tundra regions of North America. Plump, stocky grouse, about 15 inches in length. Feathers covering feet in winter. Change colors with the changing seasons Reddish brown during summer, white in the winter. Males have red eye combs during breeding season. Feed on buds of willow, birch, and alder. Also consumes insects and fruits during the summer.

Blue Grouse 17inches medium-sized,stocky,round winged,chicken-like. Long squarish tail adult male has a yellow to orange comb over the eye. Yellow or purple-red neck sac. No migration, permanent residence. Breeding habitat: woodland Clutch size:6-9 Incubation: days mainly eats plant matter,also eats insects.

Blue Grouse Adult female has brown plumage with dark brown and white marking to under parts. Brown tail with grayish terminal band. Live in conifer forests from southern Yukon to southern Alaska. Also in western states.

Ruffed Grouse Ruffed grouse are inches long. They have a red phase, the upper areas are a reddish-brown, and it’s breast and belly is gray. They prefer a wide variety of dense deciduous and coniferous forests

Ruffed Grouse They eat greenbriar, sumac, and buds of apples, willow, and wild cherry. Ruffed grouse chicks, survive mainly of insects.

Scaled Quail Known as the blue quail Common nickname is “Cottontop” Top of crest is white on males and off-white on females. Sandy brown to gray color Feathers have black trim. Have a scaled appearance inches in length 2 ounces Found primarily in deserts and brush of the southeast Feeds mainly on insects and seeds

SAGE GROUSE Length 22 inches Large rounded- winged, ground- dwelling, chicken bird Long, pointed tail Immature similar to adult female but paler Legs are feathered to base of toes Migration is permanent resident Breeding habitat is successful- scrub Incubation length is days Eats green plants, flowers, insects and seeds Found in Southwestern Colorado and Southeastern Utah

Mountain Quail Largest quail in north America 11 inches in length and have a long, straight plume on top of the head. Male have a dark rust patch with reddish brown wings. Females are duller in color. Mostly in western areas like brush thickets, dense forests,and mountain meadows they eat mostly grasses, legumes, and Forbes,and they also eat fruits they Range from northern Baja California up to the west coast to northern Washington,and into Oregon

Rock Ptarmigan Looks like a small grouse or pheasant; adults are between 13 and 16 inches long. It has pure white plumage in winter, except for a black tail, All ptarmigans have feathered feet. Adults are almost exclusive vegetarians, but young chicks feed heavily on insects, spiders, and snails. The female incubates 7 to 10 eggs without help from the male. Incubation typically lasts 21 days, and the downy chicks are able to leave the nest within a day of hatching. The female tends her young, but they feed themselves, and are able to fly at about 10days. Chicks are independent at 10 to 12 weeks. Brushy slopes near the timberline, where vegetation pokes through snow.

California Quail The males have a black throat and the females have

Woodcock Woodcock are relatively small birds. They have long beak. Found in swamps, lowland forests, and upland thickets. Feed almost exclusively on earthworms.

Prairie Chickens Two kinds of prairie chickens, greater and lesser. Greater is 17 inches. Lesser is inches Brownish, with black barring on the sides and back. The belly is buff colored, and males have a yellow comb above their eyes and yellow air sacs that they inflate to show off. Found throughout US. And a few in Wisconsin. Habitat is Native prairie grasslands. Eat grains, corn, sorghum, wheat, and rye. Insects are also a main source of food. Hens lay about 12 eggs in a clutch. The eggs hatch in 25 days. life span of 2 to 3 years.

Pheasant Weigh pd’s, up to 36 inchesDescription: Weigh pd’s, up to 36 inches Males have a dark glossy head with reddish-brown tint, Females are buff-colored looking with black and brown, short-round wings, Males have a long pointed tailMales have a dark glossy head with reddish-brown tint, Females are buff-colored looking with black and brown, short-round wings, Males have a long pointed tail Croplands, grasslands, brushlands, grain crops, and swampsHabitat: Croplands, grasslands, brushlands, grain crops, and swamps Corn, seeds, wheat, insectsFeeding: Corn, seeds, wheat, insects Mar.-April, hens lay 1 egg per day until 8-12eggs are laidLife Cycle:Mar.-April, hens lay 1 egg per day until 8-12eggs are laid American original, has lived here for up to 100 yr.'sOther:American original, has lived here for up to 100 yr.'s

Spruce Grouse 13 inches long, medium sized with a square tail and round wings. Black throat with white border Diet: almost exclusively plant matter Live in mixed wood forests can live up to 13 years old