Unit 5: Cell Reproduction Quiz Review #1 - Answers 1) Play the slide show 2) Read the question and try to answer before clicking to see the correct answer. 3) Click again to go to the next question

1. What is the cell cycle? What is the longest phase/stage in the cell? ANSWER: It’s the set of events that represent the life of a cell Interphase is the longest phase

2. Why is mitosis important (why do we need to make more cells)? ANSWER: We need to: 1) Replace dead or old cells 2) Repair cells 3) Grow & develop 4) Maintain a healthy size

3. Describe what happens in interphase. ANSWER: - Cell Growth & Development -Preparation for cell division (copy DNA & make centrioles)

4. How do plant and animal cells differ in mitosis? ANSWER: 1) Animal Cells have centrioles but plant cells have no centrioles. 2) Animal cells form a cleavage furrow in cytokinesis while plant cells form a cell plate.

5. What are chromosomes? Draw a chromosome and label a)chromatid & b)centromere. ANSWER: They are structures made of condensed & coiled DNA.

6. What is a chromatid? ANSWER: Chromatids are single strands of DNA or one copy of DNA.

7. What is a centromere? ANSWER: Centromeres are areas where two chromatids meet/attach.

8. What do you call proteins that your DNA wraps around in order to form chromosomes? ANSWER: Histones!

9. How many chromosomes are found in most normal human body cells? ANSWER: 46

10.What are the two types of chromosomes? How many chromosomes do we have of each type? ANSWER: Sex Chromosomes (determine gender) = 2 Chromosomes (1 pair) Autosomes (determines traits other than gender) = 44 chromosomes (22 pairs)

11. What type of cell contains two sets of chromosomes and how many chromosomes are found in them for humans? ANSWER: Diploid cell & 46 chromosomes

12. What type of cell contains only one set of chromosomes and how many chromosomes are found in them for humans? ANSWER: Haploid cell & 23 chromosomes

13. What do you call nuclear division that makes identical cells? ANSWER: MITOSIS!!

14. For each of the descriptions, identify the stage of mitosis it is describing (prophase, metaphase, telophase, or anaphase): ANSWER: a. Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell: Metaphase b. Spindle fibers and centrioles disappear: Telophase

14. For each of the descriptions, identify the stage of mitosis it is describing (prophase, metaphase, telophase, or anaphase): ANSWER: c. Nuclear Membranes and nucleolus appear: Telophase d. Chromosomes appear: Prophase

14. For each of the descriptions, identify the stage of mitosis it is describing (prophase, metaphase, telophase, or anaphase): ANSWER: e. Chromosomes split into chromatids: Anaphase f. Spindle fibers attach to centromeres: Metaphase

14. For each of the descriptions, identify the stage of mitosis it is describing (prophase, metaphase, telophase, or anaphase): ANSWER: g. Spindle fibers and centrioles appear: Prophase h. Nuclear membrane and nucleolus disappear: Prophase

15. What is the splitting of the cytoplasm called? During what phase of mitosis does this take place? ANSWER: Cytokinesis & it takes place during Telophase

16. Sketch each phase of mitosis and be able to label the structures.