Art History. Artist: Mark Rothko Title: Light Cloud, Dark Cloud (1957) This is a completely abstract work. It’s title is not meant to suggest that the.

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Presentation transcript:

Art History

Artist: Mark Rothko Title: Light Cloud, Dark Cloud (1957) This is a completely abstract work. It’s title is not meant to suggest that the work is based off of the sky or landscape. The work is 5’ ½” tall and over 5’ wide. Rothko, the artist, is Russian born and moved to the US when he was 10 years old. He says that color is a tool to express emotion. A painting to Rothko, “is not a picture of an experience; it is an experience.” ~Rothko

Artist: Georges Braque Title: Fishing Boats (1909) This is a Cubist work of art. Braque and Picasso were the founders of this style of work. The name Cubism came from an art critic. The critic complained “Braque…reduces everything…to geometric outlines, to cubes.” Braque was a French artist who initially trained with his father and grandfather to be a house painter/decorator. He also served in the French Army during World War I and was decorated for his bravery.

Artist: Paul Klee Title: Marjamshausen (1928) Paul Klee (pronounced Clay) was born in Switzerland. He was a Visual Artist but also played the violin well enough to have become a professional musician like his parents. This image is done in watercolor, which are transparent and let other colors show thru. The scene is a colorful cityscape utilizing colors that wouldn’t normally appear. It has a strong element of fantasy.

Artist: Henri Matisse Title: Open Window, Collioure (1905) Matisse was working as a law clerk and studying law, when he became ill. To help pass the time while he recovered, his mother gave him some paints. The gift changed his career and influenced the development of 20 th century art. He was part of a group of painters called ‘les Fauves’ which means Wild Beasts in French. They used bright non-natural colors to show emotion and mood.

Artist: Janet Fish Title: Blue Glass (1976) Janet Fish was born in Boston, Massachusetts and grew up on the island of Bermuda. The bright colors of the island influenced her approach toward her art. This work is created with pastels on paper. The way the color was applied affects how we see the image. For example, the dark streak on the side of the nearest glass is a single long stroke. Its broken color and uneven edges suggest transparent glass and reflecting light.

Artist: William Merritt Chase Title: Mrs. Chase and Child (I’m Going To See Grandma) c This image was created with pastels on paper. The image shows an ordinary moment in a normal family life. The image shows the same response to color as the Impressionists did. Bright colors, impressions of a scene, reflections of colors in many objects. Chase was a leading American Impressionist and had many works of his own but he was more famous as a teacher. His pupils were some of the most important names in 20 th century Art.

Artist: Paul Jenkins Title: Phenomena Imperial: Vault of Dynasty This is an acrylic painting, which is a 20 th century discovered medium. Acrylic paint dries faster than oils and can be applied to a variety of surfaces. This painting is part of the Abstract Expressionist movement, the flat painted surface and physical act of painting were important parts of their art. Jenkins served in World War II, all of his paintings began with ‘Phenomena’.

Artist: Jean Antoine Theodore Giroust Title: Oedipus at Colonus (1788) This is a Neoclassical style of painting which developed in the second half of the 18 th century and was influenced by the Greek and Roman cultures. Strong contrasts between warm and cool colors add to an emotional feeling. The diagonal arrangement of the figures increases the sense of tension. Giroust studied art in both Paris and Rhome. His career was successful until the French Revolution, but afterwards he found a few patrons and painted little easy.

Artist: David Bates Title: Salt Flats(1993) Bates was born in Dallas, Texas, where he still lives and works. His work shows the influence of his study of art history and classical traditions, as well as, his interest in Folk Art. Thick black lines are indicative of his work, along with large areas of flat color.

Artist: Sylvia Plimack Mangold Title: Winter Writing(1984) This painting is a landscape that is 5 feet by 8 feet wide. There is a frame around the image that is painted to look like masking tape. It is painted to ‘fool the viewer’ into thinking you can just pull it off to see what is underneath.

Artist: Christoffel Pierson Title: Niche with Falconry Gear(c. 1660s) An old story tells of two Ancient Greek artists competing with each other to prove which was the most skilled. The first one painted a picture of grapes which looked so real that birds swooped down from the sky to peck them. In response, the second artist painted a curtain so realistic that the first artist tried to pull it aside to see the picture he thought was behind it. That kind of painting is called ‘trompe l’oeil’, which means ‘fool the eye’. It tries to create the illusion that the viewer is seeing the real objects.

Artist: Thomas Moran Title: A Norther in the Gulf of Mexico(1884) This seascape offers a Romantic image of majestic and uncontrollable nature. It was created by one of the last group of artists known as the ‘Hudson River School’. These artists were inspired by the patriotic pride in the wild beauties of their native land. Moran was born in England but moved to the United States when he was a child. He is most famous for his paintings of the wild west.

Artist: Osias Beert the Elder Title: Basket of Flowers (1615) This picture was painted with oil on wood. The term ‘still life’ was not yet in use when this was created. This type of subject was so new for artists that it had not developed a common name. Beert specialized in flower paintings and the images of food and dishes that were called ‘breakfast pieces’.

Artist: Paul Signac Title: The Bonaventure Pine(1893) Signac was a Pointillist painter and Pointillist painters were very interested in color. Their art was the scientific study of color. The style was made up of small dots or points of color that were not physically blended on the canvas. Signac began as an architect student and then changed his studies when he saw the Impressionists work. He encouraged young artists and was one of the first to purchase a painting by Henri Matisse.

Artist: Severin Roesen Title: Still Life with Fruit and Sliced Lemon(c.1845) All of Roesen’s more than 300 works are still lifes of fruits and flowers. Many of his compositions could not have been painted from life as the fruits and flowers that he has shown do not generally bloom or ripen at the same time. He was born in Germany and then immigrated to the US during his 30’s settling in New York and then moving on to Pennsylvania.

Artist: Grafton Tyler Brown Title: Old Faithful Geyser, Yellowstone National Park (1887) Brown was the son of freed slaves who was raised in Pennsylvania but moved to California while he was a teenager. He began work at a printing company, creating maps, certificates and bank notes. He later bought the company but after a few years he sold his very successful company to travel and paint.

Artist: Henri Theodore Fantin-Latour Title: Flowers and Grapes Fantin-Latour received his first art lesson from his father who was a portrait painter and a teacher. He was friends with Renoir and other Impressionists but he did not paint in their style. He is best known for his still lifes, particularly of flowers and one art critic called him ‘the visual poet of flowers’.

Artist: Aelbert Cuyp Title: Herdsmen Tending Cattle ( ) Cuyp painted a variety of subjects but is best known for his landscapes and genre scenes. This image combines both. His earliest works show the traditional Dutch styles, but he later began to use light and composition in ways that had developed in Italy.

Artist: Giorgione Title: The Adoration of the Shepherds( ) Giorgione was an Italian painter that painted mainly for private patrons (individuals paid him to paint things for them). He died of the plague in his 30’s. He used color for symbolism and for atmospheric perspective. The blue of Mary’s robe symbolizes her purity. The blue in the background balances the work but also shows distance.

Artist: Hans Holbein the Younger Title: Sir Brian Tuke (c ) Early portraits usually showed their subjects in a profile or side view, while modern ones generally show subjects facing directly toward viewers. This work is considered ¾ view and was the preferred pose at this time. Holbein reveled in his ability to show fine details but to also pull in the mood or character of the sitter. Holbein was trained by his father and he painted religious subjects, books, stained glass designs but was best known for his portraits.

Artist: Lorenzo Lotto Title: Portrait of a Man with Allegorical Symbols (1540’s) Lotto was born in Venice, Italy but he did not follow the traditional styles of Venetian painters. He developed his own very personal style which combined vivid colors, strong lines, careful detail and expressive gestures.

Artist: Orazio Gentileschi Title: Portrait of a Young Woman as a Sibyl (c 1620) The contrast in this image between the dark background and the light focused on the young woman are the characteristics of Gentileschi’s work at the time. This was a common technique with Baroque artists. From ancient Greek legend, a sibyl was a woman with the ability to foretell the future. This woman’s prophecies are on the scroll in her right hand. It is believed that the artist’s daughter, Artemisia (who also was an artist) posed for the portrait.

Artist: Abraham de Verwer Title: View of Hoorn(c. 1650) The title of this work suggest that it is a picture of the city of Hoorn, but indeed its’ real subject matter is the water and atmosphere. The artist has used color and light to create a calm and peaceful scene. The size of the ship a the left, the more distant one near the center and in the city in the background gives us a feeling of looking into deep space instead of a flat canvas.

Artist: Sebastiano Ricci Title: Return of the Prodigal Son(c.1720) During the Baroque period, many artists painted this Bible story of the young man who demanded his inheritance from his rich father and then foolishly wasted it. Poor and hungry, he went back home, where his father welcomed him with joy. For artists and viewers, the story suggested both the sin of greed and the possibility of forgiveness.

Artist: Francesco Guardi Title: The Grand Canal & Punta della Dogana(c.1760) Although much of this scene is filled with water and boats, the painting is a cityscape. In the city of Venice, canals are streets and boats are a normal means of transportation. The Grand Canal is one of the main routes into the city. Punta (meaning point) della Dogana (customs house) is the triangle shaped point of land sticking out into the water, where the tower and customs house were built. Perspective plays a big role in this work.

Artist: Amedeo Modigliani Title: Young Girl with Braids (1918) Almost all of Modigliani’s works are portraits or figures of women. This portrait of an unknown girl shows several characteristics that are typical of his very distinctive individual style. The girl’s long neck and the oval shape of her face are elements seen in both his paintings and sculptures. Her irregular facial features with a small twisted mouth, a long crooked nose, and mismatched almond-shaped eyes are also common in his portraits.

Artist: Blanche Grant Title: Indian Eyes Grant was born in Kansas and raised in Indiana. She studied art in Boston and New York and also took lessons from William Merrit Chase in Philidelphia. Early in her career, she was a magazine illustrator and a landscape painter.

Artist: Francis William Edmonds Title: Commodore Trunnion and Jack Hatchway (c. 1839) The artist has given us detail and variety in this picture of two friends sharing a casual visit. While Hatchway reads the news, the Commodore pours a drink. They are surrounded by the everyday objects in the Commodore’s workroom. Notice the straw covered jar, the block and tackle ships, the two walking canes. Compare the different textures of the woven straw, the metal pitcher and tankard, the fabrics of the men’s clothing, the polished woods of the Commodore’s chair and Hatchway’s wooden leg.

Artist: Claude Lorrain Title: Landscape with a Rock Arch and River(c ) The artist who painted this work was originally named Claude Gelee. He was born in a region called Lorrain in what is now France. He is known as Lorrain from the place of his birth but he is usually called Claude. He kept detailed drawings and records of his work to protect himself from forgers and thieves. Ancient ruins were often included in his work and his paintings generally reflect a number of sites, rather than a specific spot. He created depth using a change in scale/size. The large, dark bull of rock and tree on the left are typical in his paintings.

Artist: Fra Angelico Title: Saint Anthony Abbot Shunning the Mass of Gold (c ) The small painting is done on a wood panel with tempera paint. It is the size of a piece of notebook paper. It illustrates the life of Saint Anthony Abbot, who gave away all of his possessions and lived as a hermit in the desert. The devil tempted him and he resisted. Fra is an Italian word for brother, used as a title for monks. Fra Angelico was a trained painter prior to becoming a monk and he used his talents as religious service. His name means ‘Angelic Brother’.

Artist: Andrea del Castagno Title: David with the Head of Goliath (c ) This painting was made with tempera paint but was painted on leather that was covering a wood support. It has a unique shape because it is a rare example of a ceremonial shield decorated with a painting instead of simple coats of arms. It might have been carried in religious parades or use as a symbol of an official’s authority.